现在，美国斯坦福大学的一个科学家小组利用光学物理学中的一个基本关系--克雷默-克罗尼格（KK）关系，使老鼠的皮肤变得透明（见图），从而可以观察到老鼠的内部器官（Z. Ou et al. Science https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adm6869; 2024）。KK关系意味着，介质折射率的实部和虚部与波长的关系在数学上是相互关联的。从本质上讲，这意味着光吸收的共振频率和光谱形状对折射率有直接影响，并可用于操纵折射率值。
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