{"title":"Confinement in the Transverse Field Ising Model on the Heavy Hex Lattice","authors":"Joseph Tindall, Dries Sels","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.133.180402","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Inspired by a recent quantum computing experiment [Y. Kim <i>et al.</i>, <span>Nature (London)</span>, <b>618</b>, 500–5 (2023)], we study the emergence of confinement in the transverse field Ising model on a decorated hexagonal lattice. Using an infinite tensor network state optimized with belief propagation we show how a quench from a broken symmetry state leads to striking nonthermal behavior underpinned by persistent oscillations and saturation of the entanglement entropy. We explain this phenomenon by constructing a minimal model based on the confinement of elementary excitations. Our model is in excellent agreement with our numerical results. For quenches to larger values of the transverse field and/or from nonsymmetry broken states, our numerical results display the expected signatures of thermalization: a linear growth of entanglement entropy in time, propagation of correlations, and the saturation of observables to their thermal averages. These results provide a physical explanation for the unexpected classical simulability of the quantum dynamics.","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Physical review letters","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.133.180402","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Inspired by a recent quantum computing experiment [Y. Kim et al., Nature (London), 618, 500–5 (2023)], we study the emergence of confinement in the transverse field Ising model on a decorated hexagonal lattice. Using an infinite tensor network state optimized with belief propagation we show how a quench from a broken symmetry state leads to striking nonthermal behavior underpinned by persistent oscillations and saturation of the entanglement entropy. We explain this phenomenon by constructing a minimal model based on the confinement of elementary excitations. Our model is in excellent agreement with our numerical results. For quenches to larger values of the transverse field and/or from nonsymmetry broken states, our numerical results display the expected signatures of thermalization: a linear growth of entanglement entropy in time, propagation of correlations, and the saturation of observables to their thermal averages. These results provide a physical explanation for the unexpected classical simulability of the quantum dynamics.
受最近一次量子计算实验的启发[Y. Kim 等人,《自然》(伦敦),618, 500-5 (2023)],我们研究了在装饰六边形晶格上的横向场伊辛模型中出现的约束。利用信念传播优化的无限张量网络态,我们展示了从对称破缺态淬火如何导致由持续振荡和纠缠熵饱和支撑的惊人的非热行为。我们通过构建一个基于基本激元约束的最小模型来解释这一现象。我们的模型与数值结果非常吻合。对于淬火到较大的横向场值和/或来自非对称破缺态,我们的数值结果显示了预期的热化特征:纠缠熵随时间的线性增长、相关性的传播以及观测值饱和到热平均值。这些结果为量子动力学意想不到的经典可模拟性提供了物理解释。
期刊介绍:
Physical review letters(PRL)covers the full range of applied, fundamental, and interdisciplinary physics research topics:
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Elementary particles and fields
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Plasma and beam physics
Condensed matter and materials physics
Polymers, soft matter, biological, climate and interdisciplinary physics, including networks