Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase 3 Positively Regulates Cadmium Tolerance in Maize.

IF 6 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Plant, Cell & Environment Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1111/pce.15244
Kaina Lin, Kewen Xu, Yiqing Chen, Yifan Lu, Meixue Zhou, Fangbin Cao
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Abstract

The increasing contamination of agricultural soils with cadmium (Cd) poses a significant threat to human health and global food security. Plants initiate a series of mechanisms to reduce Cd toxicity. However, the response of maize to Cd toxicity remains poorly understood. In this study, we identified that ZmHMT3, which encodes a homocysteine S-methyltransferases family protein, acted as a regulator of Cd tolerance in maize. Subcellular localization and in situ PCR exhibited that ZmHMT3 was localized in the cytoplasm and predominantly expressed in the phloem. Overexpression of ZmHMT3 enhanced Cd tolerance and reduced Cd concentration in both shoots and roots. In contrast, ZmHMT3 mutants attenuated Cd tolerance but did not change shoot Cd concentration. Heterologous overexpression of ZmHMT3 in rice enhanced Cd tolerance and reduced grain Cd concentration. Transcriptome analysis revealed that ZmHMT3 upregulated the expression of stress-responsive genes, especially glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and transcription factors, including MYBs, NACs and WRKYs, and modulates the expression of different ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, thereby enhancing Cd tolerance. Collectively, these findings highlight the pivotal role of ZmHMT3 in Cd tolerance and as a candidate gene for improving Cd tolerance in elite maize varieties.

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同型半胱氨酸 S-甲基转移酶 3 积极调节玉米的耐镉性
农业土壤中的镉(Cd)污染日益严重,对人类健康和全球粮食安全构成了重大威胁。植物启动了一系列机制来降低镉的毒性。然而,人们对玉米对镉毒性的反应仍然知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们发现编码高半胱氨酸 S-甲基转移酶家族蛋白的 ZmHMT3 是玉米耐镉性的调控因子。亚细胞定位和原位 PCR 显示,ZmHMT3 定位于细胞质中,主要在韧皮部表达。ZmHMT3 的过表达增强了镉耐受性,并降低了芽和根中的镉浓度。与此相反,ZmHMT3 突变体削弱了镉耐受性,但并不改变芽中的镉浓度。在水稻中异源过表达 ZmHMT3 可增强镉耐受性并降低谷粒的镉浓度。转录组分析表明,ZmHMT3 能上调胁迫响应基因的表达,特别是谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶(GSTs)和转录因子(包括 MYBs、NACs 和 WRKYs),并能调节不同 ATP 结合盒(ABC)转运体的表达,从而增强镉耐受性。总之,这些研究结果凸显了 ZmHMT3 在镉耐受性中的关键作用,是提高玉米优良品种镉耐受性的候选基因。
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来源期刊
Plant, Cell & Environment
Plant, Cell & Environment 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
13.30
自引率
4.10%
发文量
253
审稿时长
1.8 months
期刊介绍: Plant, Cell & Environment is a premier plant science journal, offering valuable insights into plant responses to their environment. Committed to publishing high-quality theoretical and experimental research, the journal covers a broad spectrum of factors, spanning from molecular to community levels. Researchers exploring various aspects of plant biology, physiology, and ecology contribute to the journal's comprehensive understanding of plant-environment interactions.
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