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Metabolism Interaction Between Bacillus cereus SESY and Brassica napus Contributes to Enhance Host Selenium Absorption and Accumulation. 蜡样芽孢杆菌 SESY 与甘蓝型油菜之间的代谢相互作用有助于提高宿主对硒的吸收和积累。
IF 6 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15278
Huan Zhang, Lianming Liang, Xiaoping Du, Guangyu Shi, Xu Wang, Yanni Tang, Zheng Lei, Yin Wang, Ceng Yi, Chengxiao Hu, Xiaohu Zhao

The use of beneficial bacteria to enhance selenium absorption in crops has been widely studied. However, it is unclear how the interaction between bacteria and plants affects selenium absorption in crops. Here, pot experiments and Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) experiments were performed. Transcriptomic analyses were used to reveal the interaction between Bacillus cereus SESY and Brassica napus. The results indicated that B. cereus SESY can significantly increase the biomass and selenium content of B. napus. The genes related to the colonization, IAA synthesis, and l-cysteine synthesis and metabolism of B. cereus SESY were significantly stimulated by B. napus through transcriptional regulation. Further verification results showed that l-cysteine increased selenium content in B. napus roots and shoots by 62.9% and 88.4%, respectively. B. cereus SESY and l-cysteine consistently regulated the relative expression level of genes involved in plant hormone, amino acid metabolism, selenium absorption, and Se enzymatic and nonenzymatic metabolic pathway of B. napus. These genes were significantly correlated with selenium content and biomass of B. napus (p < 0.05). Overall, IAA biosynthesis, and l-cysteine biosynthesis and metabolism in B. cereus SESY stimulated by interactions triggered molecular and metabolic responses of B. napus, underpinning host selenium absorption and accumulation.

利用有益细菌促进作物对硒的吸收已被广泛研究。然而,目前还不清楚细菌与植物之间的相互作用如何影响作物对硒的吸收。在此,我们进行了盆栽实验和 Murashige and Skoog 培养基(MS)实验。转录组分析用于揭示蜡样芽孢杆菌 SESY 与油菜之间的相互作用。结果表明,蜡样芽孢杆菌 SESY 能显著增加油菜的生物量和硒含量。通过转录调控,与蜡质芽孢杆菌 SESY 的定殖、IAA 合成和 l-半胱氨酸合成代谢相关的基因受到了油菜的显著刺激。进一步的验证结果表明,l-半胱氨酸能使油菜根部和芽中的硒含量分别增加 62.9% 和 88.4%。谷斑皮蠹芽孢杆菌 SESY 和 l-半胱氨酸可持续调控涉及植物激素、氨基酸代谢、硒吸收以及油菜 Se 酶和非酶代谢途径的基因的相对表达水平。这些基因与油菜的硒含量和生物量有明显的相关性(p
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引用次数: 0
Some Like It Hot: Differential Photosynthetic Performance and Recovery of English Walnut Accessions Under Emerging California Heat Waves. 有些人喜欢热:在新出现的加利福尼亚热浪下英国核桃品种的不同光合性能和恢复能力。
IF 6 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15273
Mina Momayyezi, Troy Williams, Peter Tolentino, Abby Hammermeister, Daniel A Kluepfel, Elisabeth J Forrestel, Andrew J McElrone

Heat waves (HWs) pose a significant threat to California agriculture, with potential adverse effects on crop photosynthetic capacity, quality and yield, all of which contribute to significant economic loss. Lack of heat-resilient cultivars puts perennial crop production under severe threat due to increasing HW frequency, duration and intensity. Currently, available walnut cultivars are highly sensitive to abiotic stress, and germplasm collections provide potential solutions via genotypes native to varied climates. We screened nine English walnut accessions (Juglans regia) for physiological heat stress resilience and recovery in the USDA-ARS National Clonal Germplasm over 2-years, and identified accessions with superior resilience to heat stress. Heat stress impacted photosynthetic capacity in most accessions, as evidenced by reductions in net (An) and maximum (Amax) assimilation rates, quantum efficiency of PSII, and changes in stomatal conductance (gs). However, two accessions exhibited either higher or complete recovery post-irrigation. This aligns with the established practice of using irrigation to mitigate heat stress, as it improved recovery for several accessions, with A3 and A5 demonstrating the most resilience. One of these two superior accessions is native to one of the hottest and driest habitats of all studied accessions. These same accessions exhibited the highest An under non-stressed conditions and at higher temperatures of 35° to 45°C. Higher performance for A3 and A5 under HWs was associated with greater carboxylation rates, electron transport rates, and Amax. All accessions suffered significant declines in photosynthetic performance at 45°C, which were the ambient leaf temperatures approached during record-setting heat waves in California during September 2022.

热浪(HWs)对加利福尼亚农业构成重大威胁,可能对作物光合能力、质量和产量产生不利影响,所有这些都会造成重大经济损失。由于热浪频率、持续时间和强度不断增加,缺乏抗热栽培品种使多年生作物生产受到严重威胁。目前,现有的核桃栽培品种对非生物胁迫非常敏感,而种质资源库则通过不同气候条件下的原生基因型提供了潜在的解决方案。我们在 USDA-ARS 国家克隆种质中筛选了九个英国核桃品种(Juglans regia),以检测其对热胁迫的生理适应能力和恢复能力,历时两年,最终确定了对热胁迫具有超强适应能力的品种。热胁迫影响了大多数品种的光合作用能力,表现为净同化率(An)和最大同化率(Amax)的降低、PSII的量子效率以及气孔导度(gs)的变化。不过,有两个品种在灌溉后表现出较高或完全的恢复能力。这与利用灌溉缓解热胁迫的既定做法一致,因为灌溉改善了几个品种的恢复能力,其中 A3 和 A5 的恢复能力最强。这两个优势品种中的一个原产于所有研究品种中最炎热、最干旱的生境之一。这两个品种在非胁迫条件下以及在 35° 至 45°C 的较高温度下表现出最高的抗逆性。A3和A5在高温条件下的较高表现与较高的羧化速率、电子传输速率和Amax有关。在45°C条件下,所有品种的光合作用性能都明显下降,而这正是2022年9月加州创纪录的热浪期间叶片所处的环境温度。
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引用次数: 0
Short-Photoperiod Induces Floral Induction Involving Carbohydrate Metabolism and Regulation by VcCO3 in Greenhouse Blueberry. 温室蓝莓的短光周期诱导花诱导涉及碳水化合物代谢和 VcCO3 的调节。
IF 6 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15292
Xin Feng, Xinliang Wu, Huiling Wu, Yang Li, Bingjie Zhou, Ying Jiang, Suilin Zhang, Jiali Wei, Shuchai Su, Zhixia Hou

Blueberry flower buds cultivated in greenhouses develop during both autumn and spring, with floral induction being a critical process for flowering, influenced by environmental factors. This study aimed to clarify the regulatory mechanisms governing floral induction in greenhouse blueberries, focusing on the similarities and differences in flower bud differentiation between the spring and autumn seasons. Understanding these mechanisms is pivotal for enhancing blueberry production. In this study, we analysed the phenotypic characteristics associated with flower bud differentiation and observed that short photoperiods markedly affect the induction process. Transcriptomic analyses revealed distinct major metabolic pathways activated in autumn compared to spring. Seasonal variations in carbohydrate metabolism were also noted, with sucrose hydrolysis being prominent in autumn and sucrose synthesis prevailing in spring. The interplay between circadian rhythms and photosynthesis appeared to facilitate the allocation of sugars for bud development. Subsequent investigations underscored the sensitivity of VcCO3 to variations in photoperiod. Predominantly localised in the nucleus, VcCO3 facilitated floral induction in response to short photoperiods by activating the expression of downstream genes, including VcFT, VcLFY, VcAP3, and VcSOC1. Furthermore, VcCO3 exhibits a close association with the sugar metabolism gene VcSUS, promoting increased sucrose concentrations.

温室栽培的蓝莓花芽在秋季和春季都会发育,花诱导是开花的关键过程,受环境因素的影响很大。本研究旨在阐明温室蓝莓花诱导的调控机制,重点研究春秋两季花芽分化的异同。了解这些机制对于提高蓝莓产量至关重要。在这项研究中,我们分析了与花芽分化相关的表型特征,并观察到短光周期明显影响了诱导过程。转录组分析表明,与春季相比,秋季激活的主要代谢途径截然不同。此外,还注意到碳水化合物代谢的季节性变化,蔗糖水解在秋季表现突出,而蔗糖合成则在春季占主导地位。昼夜节律和光合作用之间的相互作用似乎促进了糖分在芽发育过程中的分配。随后的研究强调了 VcCO3 对光周期变化的敏感性。VcCO3 主要定位于细胞核中,通过激活下游基因(包括 VcFT、VcLFY、VcAP3 和 VcSOC1)的表达,促进了对短光周期的花诱导。此外,VcCO3 还与糖代谢基因 VcSUS 密切相关,促进蔗糖浓度的增加。
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引用次数: 0
Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies the Serine/Threonine Kinase ClSIK1 for Low Nitrogen Tolerance in Watermelon Species. 全基因组关联研究发现丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶 ClSIK1 与西瓜品种的低氮耐受性有关。
IF 6 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15275
Kejia Zhang, Qinrong Yang, Yongming Bo, Yimei Zhou, Nanqiao Liao, Xiaolong Lyu, Jinghua Yang, Zhongyuan Hu, Mingfang Zhang

Plants have evolved multiple complex mechanisms enabling them to adapt to low nitrogen (LN) stress via increased nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) as nitrogen deficiency in soil is a major factor limiting plant growth and development. However, the adaptive process and evolutionary roles of LN tolerance-related genes in plants remain largely unknown. In this study, we resequenced 191 watermelon accessions and examined their phenotypic differences related to LN tolerance. A major gene ClSIK1 encoding a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in the response to LN stress was identified on chromosome 11 using genome-wide association study and RNA-Seq analysis. According to a functional analysis, ClSIK1 overexpression can increase the root area, total biomass, NUE and LN tolerance by manipulating multiple nitrogen-metabolized genes. Interestingly, the desirable LN-tolerant haplotype ClSIK1HapC was detected in only one wild relative (Citrullus mucosospermus) and likely gradually lost during watermelon domestication and improvement. This study clarified the regulatory effects of ClSIK1 on NUE and adaptations to LN stress, which also identifying valuable haplotypes-resolved gene variants for molecular design breeding of 'green' watermelon varieties highly tolerant to LN stress.

土壤缺氮是限制植物生长和发育的一个主要因素,因此植物进化出多种复杂机制,通过提高氮利用效率(NUE)来适应低氮(LN)胁迫。然而,植物耐低氮相关基因的适应过程和进化作用在很大程度上仍不为人所知。在本研究中,我们对 191 个西瓜登录基因进行了重新测序,并考察了它们与耐低氮相关的表型差异。通过全基因组关联研究和 RNA-Seq 分析,我们在 11 号染色体上发现了一个主要基因 ClSIK1,该基因编码丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶,参与对 LN 胁迫的响应。根据功能分析,ClSIK1 的过表达可以通过操纵多个氮代谢基因来增加根系面积、总生物量、NUE 和 LN 耐受性。有趣的是,仅在一种野生近缘植物(Citrullus mucosospermus)中发现了理想的耐LN单倍型ClSIK1HapC,该单倍型很可能在西瓜驯化和改良过程中逐渐消失。本研究阐明了 ClSIK1 对 NUE 的调控作用以及对 LN 胁迫的适应性,同时也为分子设计培育耐 LN 胁迫的 "绿色 "西瓜品种鉴定了有价值的单倍型基因变异。
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引用次数: 0
Soil Microbiota Modulates Root Transcriptome With Divergent Effect on Maize Growth Under Low and High Phosphorus Inputs. 土壤微生物群调节根转录组,对低磷和高磷输入条件下的玉米生长产生不同影响
IF 6 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15281
Chao Wang, Huanhuan Tai, Yinglong Chen, Zhiwen Zhai, Lin Zhang, Zitian Pu, Maolin Zhang, Chunjian Li, Zhihong Xie

Plant growth can be promoted by beneficial microorganisms, or inhibited by detrimental ones. Although the interaction process between a single microbial species and its host has been extensively studied, the growth and transcriptional response of the host to soil microbiota is poorly understood. We planted maize in natural or sterile soil collected from a long-term experimental site with two different soil phosphate (P) regimes. We examined the composition of microbial communities inhabiting root-associated niches in natural soil. In parallel, we determined the biomass, ionomes, and root transcriptome profiling of maize grown in natural or sterile soil. Soil microbiota could promote or inhibit different P starvation-responsive (PSR) genes, as well as induce several defense-related metabolic processes independently of external P levels. Soil microbiota accompanied by long-term application of P fertilizer induced lower intensity of PSR and defense responses, inhibiting maize growth. Under a low P regime, the PSR and defense responses were induced to a higher extent, promoting P absorption and growth. Our findings suggest a soil P-dependent effect of microbiota on maize growth by integrating PSR and defense responses and provide a more refined understanding of the interaction between root growth and soil microbiota.

有益微生物可促进植物生长,有害微生物则会抑制植物生长。虽然单一微生物物种与其宿主之间的相互作用过程已被广泛研究,但宿主对土壤微生物群的生长和转录反应却知之甚少。我们将玉米种植在从具有两种不同土壤磷酸盐(P)制度的长期实验地采集的天然或无菌土壤中。我们研究了天然土壤中栖息在根相关壁龛中的微生物群落的组成。同时,我们还测定了在天然土壤或无菌土壤中生长的玉米的生物组、离子组和根转录组图谱。土壤微生物群可以促进或抑制不同的P饥饿响应(PSR)基因,并诱导多个与防御相关的代谢过程,而不受外部P水平的影响。长期施用磷肥的土壤微生物区系可诱导较低强度的PSR和防御反应,抑制玉米生长。在低钾条件下,PSR 和防御反应的诱导程度较高,促进了钾的吸收和生长。我们的研究结果表明,微生物群通过整合 PSR 和防御反应,对玉米生长产生了依赖土壤 P 的影响,并使人们对根系生长与土壤微生物群之间的相互作用有了更深入的了解。
{"title":"Soil Microbiota Modulates Root Transcriptome With Divergent Effect on Maize Growth Under Low and High Phosphorus Inputs.","authors":"Chao Wang, Huanhuan Tai, Yinglong Chen, Zhiwen Zhai, Lin Zhang, Zitian Pu, Maolin Zhang, Chunjian Li, Zhihong Xie","doi":"10.1111/pce.15281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.15281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant growth can be promoted by beneficial microorganisms, or inhibited by detrimental ones. Although the interaction process between a single microbial species and its host has been extensively studied, the growth and transcriptional response of the host to soil microbiota is poorly understood. We planted maize in natural or sterile soil collected from a long-term experimental site with two different soil phosphate (P) regimes. We examined the composition of microbial communities inhabiting root-associated niches in natural soil. In parallel, we determined the biomass, ionomes, and root transcriptome profiling of maize grown in natural or sterile soil. Soil microbiota could promote or inhibit different P starvation-responsive (PSR) genes, as well as induce several defense-related metabolic processes independently of external P levels. Soil microbiota accompanied by long-term application of P fertilizer induced lower intensity of PSR and defense responses, inhibiting maize growth. Under a low P regime, the PSR and defense responses were induced to a higher extent, promoting P absorption and growth. Our findings suggest a soil P-dependent effect of microbiota on maize growth by integrating PSR and defense responses and provide a more refined understanding of the interaction between root growth and soil microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Individual Versus Combined Effects of Warming, Elevated CO2 and Drought on Grassland Water Uptake and Fine Root Traits. 气候变暖、二氧化碳升高和干旱对草地吸水率和细根性状的单独影响与综合影响。
IF 6 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15274
Maud Tissink, Jesse Radolinski, David Reinthaler, Sarah Venier, Erich M Pötsch, Andreas Schaumberger, Michael Bahn

Increasing warming, atmospheric CO2 and drought are expected to change the water dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems. Yet, limited knowledge exists about how the interactive effects of these factors will affect grassland water uptake, and whether adaptations in fine root production and traits will alter water uptake capacity. In a managed C3 grassland, we tested the individual and combined effects of warming (+3°C), elevated CO2 (eCO2; +300 ppm) and drought on root water uptake (RWU) as well as on fine root production, trait adaptation, and fine root-to-shoot production ratios, and their relationships with RWU capacity. High temperatures, amplified by warming, exacerbated RWU reductions under drought, with negligible water-sparing effects from eCO2. Drought, both under current and future (warming, eCO2) climatic conditions, shifted RWU towards deeper soil layers. Overall, RWU capacity related positively to fine root production and specific root length (SRL), and negatively to mean root diameters. Warming effects on traits (reduced SRL, increased diameter) and the ratio of fine root-to-shoot production (increased) were offset by eCO2. We conclude that under warmer future conditions, irrespective of shifts in water sourcing, it is particularly hot droughts that will lead to increasingly severe restrictions of grassland water dynamics.

气候变暖、大气中二氧化碳含量增加和干旱预计将改变陆地生态系统的水分动态。然而,对于这些因素的相互作用将如何影响草地的吸水能力,以及细根生产和性状的适应是否会改变吸水能力,我们的了解还很有限。在一片管理良好的 C3 草地上,我们测试了升温(+3°C)、二氧化碳升高(eCO2;+300 ppm)和干旱对根系吸水能力(RWU)的单独和综合影响,以及对细根生产、性状适应和细根与根生产比率的影响及其与 RWU 能力的关系。由于气候变暖,高温加剧了干旱条件下根系吸水能力的降低,而二氧化碳对水分的节约作用可以忽略不计。在当前和未来(气候变暖、eCO2)的气候条件下,干旱都会使RWU向更深的土壤层移动。总体而言,RWU 能力与细根产量和特定根长(SRL)呈正相关,与平均根径呈负相关。升温对性状(SRL 减少、直径增加)和细根与根产量之比(增加)的影响被 eCO2 抵消。我们的结论是,在未来气候变暖的条件下,无论水源如何变化,尤其是高温干旱将导致草原水动态受到越来越严重的限制。
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引用次数: 0
A Key R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor Activates Anthocyanin Biosynthesis and Leads to Leaf Reddening in Poplar Mutants. 一种关键的 R2R3-MYB 转录因子可激活花青素的生物合成并导致杨树突变体的叶片变红。
IF 6 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15276
Weinan Li, Qianqian Li, Jiahang Che, Jie Ren, Aike Wang, Jinhuan Chen

Colorful woody plants are highly valued for their ornamental qualities, and are commonly used in garden landscape design. We previously cultivated several ornamental poplar varieties from bud mutants of Populus sp. Linn. '2025' (ZL2025), each with different leaf colors. Based on transcriptome data from these varieties with varying anthocyanin pigmentation, we identified and named an R2R3-MYB gene, PdMYB113. The mRNA of PdMYB113 accumulated in the leaves of the red-leaf mutants 'QHY' and 'LHY', but barely expressed in the leaves of 'ZL2025'. The anthocyanin biosynthesis genes were upregulated, resulting in high levels of red anthocyanins (particularly Peonidin-3-O-rutinoside, Cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, and Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside) in both OE-PdMYB113 tobacco and poplar plants. This upregulation caused a color change in the tissues from green to red or dark purple. Yeast one-hybrid and luciferase assays demonstrated that PdMYB113 activates the expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes, including the early anthocyanin biosynthetic gene PdCHS and the late anthocynin biosynthetic gene PdANS. Consequently, PdMYB113 is identified as a key regulator of red coloration in poplar. Additionally, PdMYB113 does not dwarf transgenic plants under normal lighting conditions. This study elucidates the regulatory mechanisms of color change in ZL2025 and highlights a crucial gene for breeding new varieties of woody plants.

色彩丰富的木本植物具有很高的观赏价值,常用于园林景观设计。此前,我们从杨树的芽突变体'2025'(ZL2025)中培育出了多个观赏杨品种。2025'(ZL2025)的芽突变体培育出了几个观赏白杨品种,每个品种的叶片颜色各不相同。根据这些品种不同花青素色素的转录组数据,我们发现并命名了一个 R2R3-MYB 基因 PdMYB113。PdMYB113 的 mRNA 在红叶突变体'QHY'和'LHY'的叶片中积累,但在'ZL2025'的叶片中几乎没有表达。花青素生物合成基因被上调,导致 OE-PdMYB113 烟草和杨树植株中红色花青素(尤其是芍药苷-3-O-芸香糖苷、花青素-3-O-芸香糖苷和花青素-3-O-葡萄糖苷)含量很高。这种上调导致组织颜色从绿色变为红色或深紫色。酵母单杂交和荧光素酶试验表明,PdMYB113 能激活花青素生物合成基因的表达,包括早期花青素生物合成基因 PdCHS 和晚期花青素生物合成基因 PdANS。因此,PdMYB113 被确定为杨树红色着色的关键调控因子。此外,在正常光照条件下,PdMYB113 不会使转基因植株矮化。这项研究阐明了 ZL2025 颜色变化的调控机制,并为培育木本植物新品种指出了一个关键基因。
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引用次数: 0
Diurnal Rhythmicity in the Rhizosphere Microbiome-Mechanistic Insights and Significance for Rhizosphere Function. 根瘤菌微生物群的昼夜节律--对根瘤菌功能的机理认识和意义。
IF 6 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15283
Gary D Bending, Amy Newman, Emma Picot, Ryan M Mushinski, Davey L Jones, Isabelle A Carré

The rhizosphere is a key interface between plants, microbes and the soil which influences plant health and nutrition and modulates terrestrial biogeochemical cycling. Recent research has shown that the rhizosphere environment is far more dynamic than previously recognised, with evidence emerging for diurnal rhythmicity in rhizosphere chemistry and microbial community composition. This rhythmicity is in part linked to the host plant's circadian rhythm, although some heterotrophic rhizosphere bacteria and fungi may also possess intrinsic rhythmicity. We review the evidence for diurnal rhythmicity in rhizosphere microbial communities and its link to the plant circadian clock. Factors which may drive microbial rhythmicity are discussed, including diurnal change in root exudate flux and composition, rhizosphere physico-chemical properties and plant immunity. Microbial processes which could contribute to community rhythmicity are considered, including self-sustained microbial rhythms, bacterial movement into and out of the rhizosphere, and microbe-microbe interactions. We also consider evidence that changes in microbial composition mediated by the plant circadian clock may affect microbial function and its significance for plant health and broader soil biogeochemical cycling processes. We identify key knowledge gaps and approaches which could help to resolve the spatial and temporal variation and functional significance of rhizosphere microbial rhythmicity. This includes unravelling the factors which determine the oscillation of microbial activity, growth and death, and cross-talk with the host over diurnal time frames. We conclude that diurnal rhythmicity is an inherent characteristic of the rhizosphere and that temporal factors should be considered and reported in rhizosphere studies.

根圈是植物、微生物和土壤之间的一个关键界面,它影响植物的健康和营养,并调节陆地生物地球化学循环。最新研究表明,根瘤菌圈环境远比以前认识到的更加动态,有证据表明根瘤菌圈化学和微生物群落组成具有昼夜节律性。这种节律性部分与寄主植物的昼夜节律有关,不过一些异养根圈细菌和真菌也可能具有内在节律性。我们回顾了根圈微生物群落昼夜节律性的证据及其与植物昼夜节律的联系。我们讨论了可能驱动微生物节律性的因素,包括根系渗出液流量和成分的昼夜变化、根瘤层的物理化学特性和植物免疫力。我们还考虑了可能促进群落节律性的微生物过程,包括自我维持的微生物节律、细菌进出根圈的运动以及微生物与微生物之间的相互作用。我们还考虑了由植物昼夜节律钟介导的微生物组成变化可能影响微生物功能的证据及其对植物健康和更广泛的土壤生物地球化学循环过程的意义。我们确定了有助于解决根瘤菌层微生物节律性的时空变化和功能意义的关键知识差距和方法。这包括揭示决定微生物活动、生长和死亡振荡的因素,以及在昼夜时间框架内与宿主的交叉对话。我们的结论是,昼夜节律性是根瘤菌圈的固有特征,在根瘤菌圈研究中应考虑并报告时间因素。
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引用次数: 0
Leaf Transpirational Cooling and Thermal Tolerance Vary Along the Spectrum of Iso-Anisohydric Stomatal Regulation in Sand-Fixing Shrubs. 固沙灌木的叶片转气冷却和耐热性在等水异相气孔调节谱上各不相同
IF 6 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15279
Jing-Jing Guo, Xue-Wei Gong, Guang-You Hao

Transpirational cooling is crucial for plant thermal regulation to avoid overheating; however, during prolonged and/or acute heat stress it often necessitates stomatal closure to reduce the risk of hydraulic failure due to dehydration. The intricate interplay between thermal regulation, water transport and use may govern plant performance in water-limited and simultaneously heat-stressed environments, yet this remains inadequately understood. Here, in a common garden, we evaluated the functional associations among physiological characteristics related to leaf thermoregulation, heat tolerance, xylem water transport, and stomatal regulation in eight shrub species commonly used for fixing active sand dunes in northern China. Our study showed that traits associated with heat adaptation and xylem hydraulics were closely related to stomatal regulation. More isohydric shrub species with higher water transport efficiency possessed stronger transpirational cooling capacity; whereas the more anisohydric species demonstrated greater tolerance to overheating. Moreover, leaf heat tolerance was strongly coordinated with drought tolerance reflected by leaf turgor loss point. These results underscore the importance of stomatal regulation in shaping plant thermal adaptive strategies and provide valuable insights into the coupling of water and heat-related physiological processes in plants adapted to sandy land environments prone to combined drought and heat stresses.

透气冷却对植物的热调节至关重要,可避免过热;然而,在长期和/或急性热胁迫期间,往往需要关闭气孔,以降低脱水导致水力衰竭的风险。热调节、水分运输和利用之间错综复杂的相互作用可能会影响植物在水分受限和同时受热胁迫环境中的表现,但人们对这一点的了解仍然不足。在这里,我们在一个普通花园中评估了中国北方常用于固定活跃沙丘的八个灌木物种的叶片温度调节、耐热性、木质部水分运输和气孔调节等相关生理特征之间的功能关联。我们的研究表明,与热适应和木质部水力学相关的性状与气孔调节密切相关。水分运输效率较高的等水性灌木物种具有较强的蒸腾冷却能力;而水分运输效率较低的等水性灌木物种则对过热具有较强的耐受性。此外,叶片的耐热性与叶片张力损失点所反映的耐旱性密切相关。这些结果强调了气孔调节在形成植物热适应策略方面的重要性,并为研究适应易受干旱和热胁迫双重影响的沙地环境的植物的水分和热相关生理过程的耦合提供了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Decoding the Double Stress Puzzle: Investigating Nutrient Uptake Efficiency and Root Architecture in Soybean Under Heat- and Water-Stresses. 破解双重胁迫之谜:研究热胁迫和水胁迫下大豆的养分吸收效率和根系结构
IF 6 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15268
Corentin Maslard, Mustapha Arkoun, Fanny Leroy, Sylvie Girodet, Christophe Salon, Marion Prudent

In the context of climate change, associated with increasingly frequent water deficits and heat waves, there is an urgent need to maintain the performance of soybean, a leading legume crop worldwide, before its yield declines. The objective of this study was to explore which plant traits improve soybean tolerance to heat and/or water stress, with a focus on traits involved in plant architecture and nutrient uptake. For this purpose, two soybean genotypes were grown under controlled conditions in a high-throughput phenotyping platform where either optimal conditions, heat waves, water stress or both heat waves and water stresses were applied during the vegetative stage. By correlating architectural to functional traits, related to water, carbon allocation and nutrient absorption, we were able to explain the stress susceptibility level of the two genotypes. We have shown that water flow in the plant is central to the uptake and allocation of mineral elements in the plant, despite its modulation by stress and in a genotype-dependent manner. This cross-analysis of plant ecophysiology and plant nutrition under different stresses provides new information, especially on the importance of mineral elements in the different plant organs, and can inform future crop design, particularly under changing climatic conditions.

在气候变化的背景下,缺水和热浪日益频繁,因此迫切需要在大豆产量下降之前保持大豆这种全球主要豆科作物的性能。本研究的目的是探索哪些植物性状能提高大豆对热胁迫和/或水胁迫的耐受性,重点是涉及植物结构和养分吸收的性状。为此,在高通量表型平台的受控条件下种植了两种大豆基因型,在无性繁殖阶段施加了最佳条件、热浪、水胁迫或热浪和水胁迫。通过将结构与水分、碳分配和养分吸收相关的功能性状联系起来,我们能够解释两种基因型的胁迫易感性水平。我们的研究表明,植物体内的水流是植物吸收和分配矿质元素的核心,尽管水流会受到胁迫的调节,而且其调节方式取决于基因型。这种对不同胁迫下植物生态生理学和植物营养学的交叉分析提供了新的信息,特别是矿质元素在不同植物器官中的重要性,并可为未来的作物设计提供参考,尤其是在不断变化的气候条件下。
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Plant, Cell & Environment
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