{"title":"Investigating radiation, toxic and hot gases fire hazards in large-scale storage tanks for oil derivatives with and without wind conditions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2024.109504","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The primary objective of this study is to examine various fire scenarios occurring within storage tanks containing three standard refinery-produced fuels: gasoline, kerosene, and crude oil. Additionally, the aim is to analyze the emissions of CO and CO₂ pollutants, the temperature of hot gases, and the radiation emissions resulting from the combustion of fuel tanks, considering real-scale tanks with diameters of 25, 50, and 75 m. This research introduces innovation by concurrently comparing the abovementioned hazards under varying environmental conditions, considering the presence or absence of wind as a critical factor influencing hazard propagation. In addition, the radiation effect is identified as the most significant hazard near the storage tanks. Furthermore, wind can intensify radiation levels in the direction of its movement, with a noticeable impact. Increasing wind speed from zero to 15 m/s results in a 1.5-fold increase in the safety distance. Without wind, CO and CO<sub>2</sub>, along with high gas temperatures, do not pose destructive threats. However, wind causes these hazards to extend closer to the Earth's surface. Under wind speeds of 15 m/s, these hazards reach a height of approximately 5 m above the ground. Notably, gasoline fuel is recognized as more perilous.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1290072924006264","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The primary objective of this study is to examine various fire scenarios occurring within storage tanks containing three standard refinery-produced fuels: gasoline, kerosene, and crude oil. Additionally, the aim is to analyze the emissions of CO and CO₂ pollutants, the temperature of hot gases, and the radiation emissions resulting from the combustion of fuel tanks, considering real-scale tanks with diameters of 25, 50, and 75 m. This research introduces innovation by concurrently comparing the abovementioned hazards under varying environmental conditions, considering the presence or absence of wind as a critical factor influencing hazard propagation. In addition, the radiation effect is identified as the most significant hazard near the storage tanks. Furthermore, wind can intensify radiation levels in the direction of its movement, with a noticeable impact. Increasing wind speed from zero to 15 m/s results in a 1.5-fold increase in the safety distance. Without wind, CO and CO2, along with high gas temperatures, do not pose destructive threats. However, wind causes these hazards to extend closer to the Earth's surface. Under wind speeds of 15 m/s, these hazards reach a height of approximately 5 m above the ground. Notably, gasoline fuel is recognized as more perilous.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Thermal Sciences is a journal devoted to the publication of fundamental studies on the physics of transfer processes in general, with an emphasis on thermal aspects and also applied research on various processes, energy systems and the environment. Articles are published in English and French, and are subject to peer review.
The fundamental subjects considered within the scope of the journal are:
* Heat and relevant mass transfer at all scales (nano, micro and macro) and in all types of material (heterogeneous, composites, biological,...) and fluid flow
* Forced, natural or mixed convection in reactive or non-reactive media
* Single or multi–phase fluid flow with or without phase change
* Near–and far–field radiative heat transfer
* Combined modes of heat transfer in complex systems (for example, plasmas, biological, geological,...)
* Multiscale modelling
The applied research topics include:
* Heat exchangers, heat pipes, cooling processes
* Transport phenomena taking place in industrial processes (chemical, food and agricultural, metallurgical, space and aeronautical, automobile industries)
* Nano–and micro–technology for energy, space, biosystems and devices
* Heat transport analysis in advanced systems
* Impact of energy–related processes on environment, and emerging energy systems
The study of thermophysical properties of materials and fluids, thermal measurement techniques, inverse methods, and the developments of experimental methods are within the scope of the International Journal of Thermal Sciences which also covers the modelling, and numerical methods applied to thermal transfer.