Pregnancy affects maternal performance, feed intake, and digestion kinetics parameters in beef heifers.

IF 2.7 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Journal of animal science Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI:10.1093/jas/skae328
Gabriel Miranda Moreira, Gleidson Luz Aguiar, Javier Andrés Moreno Meneses, Karolina Batista Nascimento, German Dario Ramirez-Zamudio, Thais Correia Costa, Marcio de Souza Duarte, Daniel Rume Casagrande, Mateus Pies Gionbelli
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Abstract

This study aimed to quantify the effects of physiological status (PS) and potential interaction of this factor with days of pregnancy (DOP) on beef heifers' weight variation, intake, and digestion kinetics. Twelve rumen-cannulated zebu beef heifers (n = 7 pregnant; n = 5 non-pregnant) were used. Heifers were placed in individual pens and fed medium-quality corn silage plus a protein-based supplement. Heifers' body weight was assessed at the beginning and end of each collection period. The feed intake was measured daily. Target outcomes were evaluated at 107, 170, 208, 240, 267, and 286 days of pregnancy. The apparent total-tract digestibility was determined considering the fecal spot collection, during five days within each collection period. Omasal and ruminal digesta samples were collected at 107, 208, and 267 days of pregnancy for determination of partial digestibilities and diet component outflow. For these purposes, Co-EDTA and indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) were used as indicators. All data were analyzed using a mixed model framework, considering the PS and DOP as fixed effects and the animal as a random effect. Significant differences were declared when P ≤ 0.05. Pregnant heifers showed an increase in body reserves (+35 kg) from 107 to 240 days of pregnancy, but experienced a decrease in shrunk body weight (-36 kg) from 240 to 286 days of pregnancy. The intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), and ash- and protein-free neutral detergent fiber (apNDF) increased as pregnancy progressed (P < 0.04). The apparent total-tract digestibility of DM tended to be lower (P = 0.09), and the apparent total-tract digestibility of apNDF was reduced (P < 0.01) in pregnant heifers. The digestibility of CP was higher (P < 0.01) on days 267 and 286 in pregnant cows compared to non-pregnant heifers. The ruminal digestibility of OM tended to be lower (P = 0.09) in pregnant beef heifers, while the ruminal digestibility of apNDF was lower (P = 0.02) in pregnant heifers compared to non-pregnant ones. The ruminal pool of wet matter and DM was lower (P ≤ 0.01) in pregnant heifers at 267 days of pregnancy. In all periods, the outflow tended to be greater (P = 0.06) in pregnant heifers compared to non-pregnant heifers. Pregnant beef heifers exhibited a faster (P = 0.01) digesta passage rate during late gestation. In conclusion, late-gestating beef heifers are less efficient in extracting energy from feed compared to non-pregnant animals.

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妊娠会影响肉用小母牛的母性、采食量和消化动力学参数。
本研究旨在量化生理状态(PS)以及该因素与怀孕天数(DOP)的潜在相互作用对肉用小母牛体重变化、摄入量和消化动力学的影响。使用了 12 头瘤胃封存的瘤牛母牛(n = 7 头怀孕母牛;n = 5 头非怀孕母牛)。小母牛被安置在单独的围栏中,饲喂中等质量的玉米青贮饲料和蛋白质补充剂。在每个采集期开始和结束时评估母牛的体重。每天测量采食量。目标结果在怀孕 107、170、208、240、267 和 286 天时进行评估。在每个采集期的五天内,通过粪便点采集确定表观总消化率。在妊娠 107 天、208 天和 267 天时采集了外消化道和瘤胃消化液样本,以测定部分消化率和日粮成分流出量。为此,使用 Co-EDTA 和难消化中性洗涤纤维 (iNDF) 作为指标。所有数据均采用混合模型框架进行分析,将 PS 和 DOP 作为固定效应,动物作为随机效应。当 P ≤ 0.05 时,差异显著。怀孕母牛在怀孕 107 天至 240 天期间体重储备增加(+35 千克),但在怀孕 240 天至 286 天期间体重缩减(-36 千克)。干物质(DM)、有机物(OM)、粗蛋白(CP)以及无灰分和蛋白质的中性洗涤纤维(apNDF)的摄入量随着妊娠期的延长而增加(P < 0.04)。妊娠母牛的DM表观总消化率趋于降低(P = 0.09),apNDF表观总消化率降低(P < 0.01)。与非怀孕母牛相比,怀孕母牛在第 267 和 286 天的 CP 消化率更高(P < 0.01)。与非怀孕母牛相比,怀孕母牛的瘤胃对 OM 的消化率较低(P = 0.09),而对 apNDF 的消化率较低(P = 0.02)。妊娠 267 天时,妊娠母牛的瘤胃湿物质和 DM 储库较低(P ≤ 0.01)。与非怀孕母牛相比,怀孕母牛在所有时期的瘤胃流出量都更多 (P = 0.06)。在妊娠晚期,妊娠肉用小母牛的消化液通过率更快(P = 0.01)。总之,妊娠晚期的肉用小母牛与非妊娠动物相比,从饲料中提取能量的效率较低。
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来源期刊
Journal of animal science
Journal of animal science 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
12.10%
发文量
1589
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Animal Science (JAS) is the premier journal for animal science and serves as the leading source of new knowledge and perspective in this area. JAS publishes more than 500 fully reviewed research articles, invited reviews, technical notes, and letters to the editor each year. Articles published in JAS encompass a broad range of research topics in animal production and fundamental aspects of genetics, nutrition, physiology, and preparation and utilization of animal products. Articles typically report research with beef cattle, companion animals, goats, horses, pigs, and sheep; however, studies involving other farm animals, aquatic and wildlife species, and laboratory animal species that address fundamental questions related to livestock and companion animal biology will be considered for publication.
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