Green transforming black liquors as a new HCHO scavenger in production eco urea formaldehyde-agro composites

IF 3.2 3区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2024.103878

Altaf H. Basta, Vivian F. Lotfy

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Abstract

Innovative formaldehyde (HCHO)-scavenger based on black liquor is being developed to achieve eco-friendly low toxic urea formaldehyde (UF) adhesive. This scavenger will enhance the UF adhesive in production of agro-composites, complying with the environmental requirements. The HCHO-scavenger is synthesized from black liquor-based aerogels of various types of black liquors. The performance of the prepared scavengers is assessed via adsorption of HCHO; as well as its beneficial effect on properties of UF adhesive and UF-Palm fiber-composite. In order to produce a composite with mechanical properties and free-HCHO compliance with the standard specifications, the UF-scavenger system is optimized from its behavior. The data evidence the effective behavior of all investigated scavenger to improve bond strength of UF adhesive system (from 8.4 MPa to ∼ 18 MPa); and properties of UF-palm-composites, where the enhancement in modulus of rupture (MOR) and internal bond strength (IB), water repellent, reach to 50 %, 83 % and 7.7 %, respectively. In addition to success in producing eco-composites through reducing the free-HCHO of wood sample from 30.77 to 3.0–12.7 mg/100g with reduction percentages (58.7–90.3 %) exceeded those reported in the literature when carbon and silicon scavengers were used.

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在生产生态脲醛-农用复合材料过程中，将黑液作为新型 HCHO 清除剂进行绿色转化

正在开发基于黑液的创新甲醛（HCHO）清除剂，以实现生态友好型低毒脲醛（UF）粘合剂。这种清除剂将增强农业复合材料生产中的 UF 粘合剂，符合环保要求。HCHO 清除剂是由各种类型黑液的黑液基气凝胶合成的。通过吸附 HCHO 来评估所制备的清除剂的性能，以及其对 UF 粘合剂和 UF-棕榈纤维复合材料性能的有利影响。为了生产出机械性能和游离 HCHO 均符合标准规格的复合材料，对 UF-清除剂系统的行为进行了优化。数据证明，所有研究的清净剂都能有效提高 UF 粘合剂系统的粘合强度（从 8.4 兆帕提高到 18 兆帕）；以及 UF-棕榈复合材料的性能，其中断裂模数（MOR）和内部粘合强度（IB）以及憎水性分别提高了 50%、83% 和 7.7%。此外，通过将木材样品中的游离-HCHO 从 30.77 毫克/100 克降低到 3.0-12.7 毫克/100 克，成功生产出了生态复合材料，其降低率（58.7%-90.3%）超过了使用碳和硅清除剂时的文献报道。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

6.90

自引率

8.80%

发文量

200

审稿时长

8.3 months

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives draws together the many aspects of the science and technology of adhesive materials, from fundamental research and development work to industrial applications. Subject areas covered include: interfacial interactions, surface chemistry, methods of testing, accumulation of test data on physical and mechanical properties, environmental effects, new adhesive materials, sealants, design of bonded joints, and manufacturing technology.