Are air travelers willing to pay for mandatory carbon emission policies? Evidence from China

IF 10.9 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Sustainable Production and Consumption Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI:10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.020
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Abstract

The aviation industry is one of the fastest-growing sectors in terms of CO2 emissions and also one of the most challenging to decarbonize. China has become the world's second-largest aviation market. While a nationwide mandatory carbon reduction policy has yet to be introduced in China's aviation sector, it may be implemented in the coming years. The implementation of mandatory carbon reduction policies will inevitably raise questions about the distribution of additional costs. Therefore, air travelers' willingness to pay (WTP) and the factors influencing it are critical considerations for policymakers and airlines. However, there is a lack of research on the WTP of Chinese air travelers under mandatory carbon reduction policies. No studies have specifically focused on the regional differences in WTP among air travelers in China. Moreover, existing research on air travelers' WTP for carbon offsets rarely captures the impact of rational, emotional, and social interaction factors. Therefore, this study investigates the WTP of 3424 air travelers across 31 provincial-level administrative regions in China within the context of a carbon tax policy. Using the Heckman two-step model, the study analyzes the impact of rational, emotional, and social interactions on air travelers' WTP. The results indicate that, after removing biased samples, the average WTP among Chinese air travelers is 311.04 CNY ($44.14) per ton of CO2. The highest WTP is observed in the East China region at 341.20 CNY ($48.42) per ton of CO2, while the lowest is in the Northeast region at 263.19 CNY ($37.35) per ton of CO2. Epistemic performance expectancy, social performance expectancy, function performance expectancy, and anticipated pride positively influence WTP. In contrast, effort expectancy negatively impacts WTP. Additionally, social interaction can moderate the effects of certain rational and emotional factors on WTP. It is noteworthy that although anticipated guilt does not directly influence WTP, its positive impact on WTP can be moderated through social interactions. The results of this study can assist governments in formulating effective carbon emission reduction policies for the aviation industry. Moreover, these findings can provide valuable insights for airlines to adjust pricing strategies under mandatory carbon reduction policies, thus holding practical significance.
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航空旅客是否愿意为强制性碳排放政策买单?来自中国的证据
航空业是二氧化碳排放量增长最快的行业之一,也是最难实现脱碳的行业之一。中国已成为世界第二大航空市场。虽然中国航空业尚未出台全国性的强制碳减排政策,但可能会在未来几年内实施。强制碳减排政策的实施势必会引发额外成本分配的问题。因此,航空旅客的支付意愿(WTP)及其影响因素是政策制定者和航空公司需要考虑的关键因素。然而,目前缺乏对中国航空旅客在强制性碳减排政策下的支付意愿的研究。没有研究专门关注中国航空旅客 WTP 的地区差异。此外,现有关于航空旅客碳抵消 WTP 的研究很少考虑理性、情感和社会互动因素的影响。因此,本研究调查了中国 31 个省级行政区域内 3424 名航空旅行者在碳税政策背景下的 WTP。研究采用 Heckman 两步模型,分析了理性、情感和社会互动因素对航空旅客 WTP 的影响。结果表明,剔除有偏差的样本后,中国航空旅客的平均 WTP 为每吨二氧化碳 311.04 元人民币(44.14 美元)。华东地区的 WTP 最高,为每吨二氧化碳 341.20 元人民币(48.42 美元),东北地区最低,为每吨二氧化碳 263.19 元人民币(37.35 美元)。认识绩效预期、社会绩效预期、功能绩效预期和预期自豪感对 WTP 有正向影响。相比之下,努力预期对 WTP 有负面影响。此外,社会交往可以缓和某些理性和情感因素对 WTP 的影响。值得注意的是,虽然预期内疚感不会直接影响 WTP,但其对 WTP 的积极影响可以通过社会互动得到调节。本研究的结果有助于政府制定有效的航空业碳减排政策。此外,这些研究结果还能为航空公司在强制性碳减排政策下调整定价策略提供有价值的启示,因此具有重要的现实意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Sustainable Production and Consumption
Sustainable Production and Consumption Environmental Science-Environmental Engineering
CiteScore
17.40
自引率
7.40%
发文量
389
审稿时长
13 days
期刊介绍: Sustainable production and consumption refers to the production and utilization of goods and services in a way that benefits society, is economically viable, and has minimal environmental impact throughout its entire lifespan. Our journal is dedicated to publishing top-notch interdisciplinary research and practical studies in this emerging field. We take a distinctive approach by examining the interplay between technology, consumption patterns, and policy to identify sustainable solutions for both production and consumption systems.
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