Rumex japonicus Houtt. Leaves: The chemical composition and anti-fungal activity

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q3 MYCOLOGY Journal de mycologie medicale Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101513

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Abstract

Background

Candida albicans is a pathogenic commensal fungus. Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum are the leading pathogens of dermatophysis. Rumex japonicus Houtt. has a miraculous effect on the treatment of tinea skin disease, but its mechanism has not been clarified.

Purpose

This paper investigated the anti-fungal ingredients of the leaves of Rumex japonicus Houtt. (RJH-L) and the mechanism of the anti-fungal (Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum and Candida albicans).

Method

First, the chemical composition analysis of RJH-L was conducted by acid extraction and alcohol precipitation, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR); in vitro anti-fungal experiments were carried out, including the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) spore germination rate, germ tube production rate, nucleic acid and protein leakage rate, biofilm structure, PCR, etc., to study the mechanism of action of RJH-L anti-fungal and anti-biofilm activity.

Result

Seven monomer compounds were obtained: anthraquinones (rhein, emodin and aloe-emodin); polyphenols (ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid), and flavonoids (rutin and quercetin). The results of in vitro anti-fungal experiments showed that the extracts of RJH-L had strong inhibitory effect on both fungi (MIC: 1.96 µg/mL-62.50 µg/mL), of which emodin had the strongest effect on Trichophyton mentagrophytes; and rhein had the strongest effect on Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum. The above active components can inhibit the germination of fungal spores and germ tube, change cell membrane permeability, prevent hyphal growth, destroy the biofilm structure, and down-regulate the expression of agglutinin-like sequencefamily1 of biofilm growth.

Conclusion

This study shows that RJH-L are rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthraquinones, and play a fungicidal role.

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Rumex japonicus Houtt.叶：化学成分和抗真菌活性

背景白色念珠菌是一种致病性共生真菌。脑癣毛癣菌（Trichophyton mentagrophytes）和红癣毛癣菌（Trichophyton rubrum）是皮肤癣菌的主要致病菌。本文研究了 Rumex japonicus Houtt.(本文研究了日本留兰香（Rumex japonicus Houtt., RJH-L）叶片的抗真菌成分及其抗真菌（门冬癣毛癣菌、红毛癣菌和白色念珠菌）的机理。方法首先，通过酸提取和醇沉、高效液相色谱法（HPLC）和核磁共振波谱法（NMR）对 RJH-L 进行化学成分分析；进行体外抗真菌实验，包括最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MFC）、孢子萌发率、芽管产生率、核酸和蛋白质泄漏率、生物膜结构、PCR 等、结果获得了七种单体化合物：蒽醌类化合物（大黄素、大黄素和芦荟大黄素）、多酚类化合物（阿魏酸、对香豆素）和黄酮类化合物（芦丁和槲皮素）。体外抗真菌实验结果表明，RJH-L 的提取物对两种真菌都有很强的抑制作用（MIC：1.96 µg/mL-62.50 µg/mL），其中大黄素对脑毛癣菌的抑制作用最强；芦丁对白色念珠菌和红色毛癣菌的抑制作用最强。上述活性成分能抑制真菌孢子和芽管的萌发，改变细胞膜的通透性，阻止菌丝生长，破坏生物膜结构，下调生物膜生长的凝集素样序列家族1的表达。

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来源期刊

Journal de mycologie medicale 医学-真菌学

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

2.80%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal de Mycologie Medicale / Journal of Medical Mycology (JMM) publishes in English works dealing with human and animal mycology. The subjects treated are focused in particular on clinical, diagnostic, epidemiological, immunological, medical, pathological, preventive or therapeutic aspects of mycoses. Also covered are basic aspects linked primarily with morphology (electronic and photonic microscopy), physiology, biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, immunochemistry, genetics, taxonomy or phylogeny of pathogenic or opportunistic fungi and actinomycetes in humans or animals. Studies of natural products showing inhibitory activity against pathogenic fungi cannot be considered without chemical characterization and identification of the compounds responsible for the inhibitory activity. JMM publishes (guest) editorials, original articles, reviews (and minireviews), case reports, technical notes, letters to the editor and information. Only clinical cases with real originality (new species, new clinical present action, new geographical localization, etc.), and fully documented (identification methods, results, etc.), will be considered. Under no circumstances does the journal guarantee publication before the editorial board makes its final decision. The journal is indexed in the main international databases and is accessible worldwide through the ScienceDirect and ClinicalKey platforms.