CURDIS: A template for incremental curve discretization algorithms and its application to conics

Q1 Computer Science Virtual Reality Intelligent Hardware Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.vrih.2024.06.005
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Abstract

We introduce CURDIS, a template for algorithms to discretize arcs of regular curves by incrementally producing a list of support pixels covering the arc. In this template, algorithms proceed by finding the tangent quadrant at each point of the arc and determining which side the curve exits the pixel according to a tailored criterion. These two elements can be adapted for any type of curve, leading to algorithms dedicated to the shape of specific curves. While the calculation of the tangent quadrant for various curves, such as lines, conics, or cubics, is simple, it is more complex to analyze how pixels are traversed by the curve. In the case of conic arcs, we found a criterion for determining the pixel exit side. This leads us to present a new algorithm, called CURDIS-C, specific to the discretization of conics, for which we provide all the details. Surprisingly, the criterion for conics requires between one and three sign tests and four additions per pixel, making the algorithm efficient for resource-constrained systems and feasible for fixed-point or integer arithmetic implementations. Our algorithm also perfectly handles the pathological cases in which the conic intersects a pixel twice or changes quadrants multiple times within this pixel, achieving this generality at the cost of potentially computing up to two square roots per arc. We illustrate the use of CURDIS for the discretization of different curves, such as ellipses, hyperbolas, and parabolas, even when they degenerate into lines or corners.
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CURDIS:增量曲线离散化算法模板及其在圆锥曲线中的应用
我们介绍的 CURDIS 是一种用于对规则曲线的弧线进行离散化处理的算法模板,其方法是逐步生成覆盖弧线的支持像素列表。在该模板中,算法通过查找弧线每一点的切象限,并根据定制标准确定曲线从哪一侧流出像素。这两个要素可适用于任何类型的曲线,从而形成专门针对特定曲线形状的算法。虽然计算直线、圆锥曲线或立方体等各种曲线的切象限非常简单,但分析像素如何被曲线穿越则更为复杂。对于圆锥曲线,我们找到了确定像素出口边的标准。因此,我们提出了一种新算法,称为 CURDIS-C,专门用于圆锥曲线的离散化,并提供了所有细节。令人惊讶的是,圆锥曲线的标准只需要对每个像素进行一到三次符号检验和四次加法运算,这使得该算法在资源受限的系统中非常高效,在定点或整数运算实现中也是可行的。我们的算法还能完美处理圆锥与一个像素相交两次或在该像素内多次改变象限的病理情况,实现这种通用性的代价是每个弧可能要计算多达两个平方根。我们举例说明了 CURDIS 在椭圆、双曲线和抛物线等不同曲线离散化中的应用,即使它们退化为直线或角。
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来源期刊
Virtual Reality  Intelligent Hardware
Virtual Reality Intelligent Hardware Computer Science-Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
35
审稿时长
12 weeks
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