Thermal Analysis of MHD-Modified Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Inside Convergent/Divergent Channel With Heat Generation/Absorption and Viscous-Ohmic Dissipation

Abstract

Enhancing heat transfer efficiency and understanding fluid behavior in complex engineering systems is quite challenging. Here, we examine the rate of heat transfer of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of a modified hybrid nanofluid between two convergent/divergent (CD) channels, considering viscous dissipation, ohmic heating, along with heat production and absorption. The spherical form of nanoparticle provides a basis for dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity. The transformed ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are solved numerically. The behavior of various physical parameters particularly channel angel (α),  magnetic parameter (M),  heat source (H_s), and Eckert number (Ec) are stimulated. It is revealed that the velocity behavior is opposite for magnetic strength while temperature increases as the Ec increases for both CD channels. The tetra hybrid nanofluid improves the rate of heat transfer up to 16.783% as compared to the traditional fluid.