Vegetation traits and biogeomorphic complexity shape the resilience of salt marshes to sea-level rise

IF 8.1 1区 地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI:10.1038/s43247-024-01829-2
Loreta Cornacchia, Roeland C. van de Vijsel, Daphne van der Wal, Tom Ysebaert, Jianwei Sun, Bram van Prooijen, Paul Lodewijk Maria de Vet, Quan-Xing Liu, Johan van de Koppel
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Abstract

The adaptive capacity of ecosystems, or their ability to function despite altered environmental conditions, is crucial for resilience to climate change. However, the role of landscape complexity or species traits on adaptive capacity remains unclear. Here, we combine field experiments and morphodynamic modelling to investigate how ecosystem complexity shapes the adaptive capacity of intertidal salt marshes. We focus on the importance of tidal channel network complexity for sediment accumulation, allowing vertical accretion to keep pace with sea-level rise. The model showed that landscape-scale ecosystem complexity, more than species traits, explained higher sediment accumulation rates, despite complexity arising from these traits. Landscape complexity, reflected in creek network morphology, also improved resilience to rising water levels. Comparing model outcomes with real-world tidal networks confirmed that flow concentration, sediment transport and deposition increase with drainage complexity. These findings emphasize that natural pattern development and persistence are crucial to preserve resilience to climate change. Landscape-scale complexity and vegetation traits control the adaptive capacity of salt marsh ecosystems in multiple sea-level rise scenarios, as shown by numerical models of salt marsh development and field experiments in natural creek systems.

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植被特征和生物地貌复杂性决定了盐沼对海平面上升的适应能力
生态系统的适应能力,即在环境条件改变的情况下仍能发挥作用的能力,对于抵御气候变化至关重要。然而,景观复杂性或物种特征对适应能力的作用仍不清楚。在这里,我们结合实地实验和形态动力学建模,研究生态系统的复杂性如何影响潮间带盐沼的适应能力。我们重点研究了潮汐通道网络的复杂性对沉积物积累的重要性,这使得垂直沉积能够跟上海平面上升的步伐。模型显示,景观尺度生态系统的复杂性比物种特征更能解释较高的沉积物累积率,尽管复杂性来自于这些特征。反映在溪流网络形态上的景观复杂性也提高了对水位上升的适应能力。将模型结果与现实世界中的潮汐网络进行比较后证实,水流浓度、沉积物迁移和沉积都会随着排水系统的复杂性而增加。这些发现强调,自然模式的发展和持续对保持抵御气候变化的能力至关重要。盐沼发展的数值模型和自然溪流系统的实地实验表明,景观尺度的复杂性和植被特征控制着盐沼生态系统在多种海平面上升情景下的适应能力。
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来源期刊
Communications Earth & Environment
Communications Earth & Environment Earth and Planetary Sciences-General Earth and Planetary Sciences
CiteScore
8.60
自引率
2.50%
发文量
269
审稿时长
26 weeks
期刊介绍: Communications Earth & Environment is an open access journal from Nature Portfolio publishing high-quality research, reviews and commentary in all areas of the Earth, environmental and planetary sciences. Research papers published by the journal represent significant advances that bring new insight to a specialized area in Earth science, planetary science or environmental science. Communications Earth & Environment has a 2-year impact factor of 7.9 (2022 Journal Citation Reports®). Articles published in the journal in 2022 were downloaded 1,412,858 times. Median time from submission to the first editorial decision is 8 days.
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