Optical Time-Domain Quantum State Tomography on a Subcycle Scale

IF 11.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Physical Review X Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI:10.1103/physrevx.14.041032
Emanuel Hubenschmid, Thiago L. M. Guedes, Guido Burkard
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Abstract

Following recent progress in the experimental application of electro-optic sampling to the detection of the quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic-field ground state and ultrabroadband squeezed states on a subcycle scale, we propose an approach to elevate broadband electro-optic sampling from a spectroscopic method to a full quantum tomography scheme, able to reconstruct a free-space quantum state directly in the time domain. By combining two recently developed methods to theoretically describe quantum electro-optic sampling, we analytically relate the photon-count probability distribution of the electro-optic signal to a transformed phase-space quasiprobability distribution of the sampled quantum state as a function of the time delay between the sampled midinfrared pulsed state and an ultrabroadband near-infrared probe pulse. We catalog and analyze sources of noise and show that in quantum electro-optic sampling with an ultrabroadband probe pulse one can expect to observe thermalization due to entanglement breaking. Mitigation of the thermalization noise enables a tomographic reconstruction of broadband quantum states while granting access to its dynamics on a subcycle scale.

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亚周期尺度的光学时域量子态层析成像技术
继最近将电光采样应用于探测电磁场基态和超宽带挤压态在亚周期尺度上的量子波动的实验取得进展之后,我们提出了一种方法,将宽带电光采样从光谱学方法提升为完整的量子层析成像方案,能够直接在时域中重建自由空间量子态。通过结合最近开发的两种理论描述量子电光采样的方法,我们分析了电光信号的光子计数概率分布与采样量子态的转换相空间准概率分布之间的关系,它是采样中红外脉冲态与超宽带近红外探测脉冲之间时间延迟的函数。我们对噪声源进行了编目和分析,结果表明,在使用超宽带探测脉冲进行量子电光采样时,有望观察到由于纠缠断裂而产生的热化现象。减弱热化噪声可以对宽带量子态进行层析重建,同时获得其亚周期尺度的动态。
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来源期刊
Physical Review X
Physical Review X PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
24.60
自引率
1.60%
发文量
197
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Physical Review X (PRX) stands as an exclusively online, fully open-access journal, emphasizing innovation, quality, and enduring impact in the scientific content it disseminates. Devoted to showcasing a curated selection of papers from pure, applied, and interdisciplinary physics, PRX aims to feature work with the potential to shape current and future research while leaving a lasting and profound impact in their respective fields. Encompassing the entire spectrum of physics subject areas, PRX places a special focus on groundbreaking interdisciplinary research with broad-reaching influence.
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