Synthesis, characterization, and efficacy of alkali-activated materials from mine tailings: A review

IF 7.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Waste management Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI:10.1016/j.wasman.2024.10.036
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Abstract

Annually, over 5 billion metric tons of tailings are produced worldwide as byproducts of mining processes, posing significant environmental risks due to their potential to pollute and disrupt ecosystems. Concurrently, the production of portland cement (PC), the primary binder in cementitious materials is a major contributor to global anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. With the escalating demand for PC, a corresponding surge in carbon emissions is inevitable. Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) present a greener alternative to PC, given their production primarily utilizes industrial wastes. Traditional precursors for AAMs, such as fly ash and slag, however, are not universally available—Canada, for instance, faces a scarcity of fly ash for AAM production. In response to the dual challenges of managing mine tailings and reducing PC’s environmental footprint, this review proposes the innovative use of mine tailings as an alternative binder to PC. This paper offers a thorough examination of mine tailings’ properties, methodologies to enhance their suitability for AAM synthesis, and an analysis of AAMs produced from diverse tailing sources. Additionally, this paper explores the associated challenges and future prospects, providing a rounded overview of this promising avenue in sustainable construction materials.
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从矿山尾矿中提取的碱活性材料的合成、特征和功效:综述。
作为采矿过程中的副产品,全世界每年产生的尾矿超过 50 亿吨,由于其可能污染和破坏生态系统,因此对环境构成了巨大的风险。同时,作为胶凝材料主要粘结剂的硅酸盐水泥(PC)的生产也是全球人为二氧化碳排放的主要来源。随着对 PC 需求的不断增长,碳排放量也不可避免地相应激增。碱活性材料(AAMs)主要利用工业废料生产,是 PC 的绿色替代品。然而,粉煤灰和矿渣等传统的碱活性材料前体并非普遍可用,例如加拿大就面临着生产碱活性材料所需的粉煤灰匮乏的问题。为了应对管理矿山尾矿和减少 PC 对环境影响的双重挑战,本综述提出创新性地使用矿山尾矿作为 PC 的替代粘结剂。本文深入探讨了矿山尾矿的特性、提高其合成 AAM 适用性的方法,以及对不同尾矿来源生产的 AAM 的分析。此外,本文还探讨了相关的挑战和未来前景,全面概述了可持续建筑材料的这一前景广阔的途径。
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来源期刊
Waste management
Waste management 环境科学-工程:环境
CiteScore
15.60
自引率
6.20%
发文量
492
审稿时长
39 days
期刊介绍: Waste Management is devoted to the presentation and discussion of information on solid wastes,it covers the entire lifecycle of solid. wastes. Scope: Addresses solid wastes in both industrialized and economically developing countries Covers various types of solid wastes, including: Municipal (e.g., residential, institutional, commercial, light industrial) Agricultural Special (e.g., C and D, healthcare, household hazardous wastes, sewage sludge)
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