Specific Absorbed Fractions for Reference Paediatric Individuals.

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Abstract

The calculation of doses to organs and tissues of interest due to internally emitting radionuclides requires knowledge of the time-dependent distribution of the radionuclide, its physical decay properties, and the fraction of emitted energy absorbed per mass of the target. The latter property is quantified as the specific absorbed fraction (SAF). This publication provides photon, electron, alpha particle, and neutron (for nuclides undergoing spontaneous fission) SAF values for the suite of reference individuals. The reference individuals are defined largely by information provided in ICRP Publication 89. Some improvements and additional data are provided in this publication which define the reference individual's source and target region masses used in the Occupational Intake of Radionuclides (OIR) and Dose Coefficients for Intakes of Radionuclides by Members of the Public series of publications. The set of reference individuals includes males and females at 0 (newborn), 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 (adult) years of age. The reference adult masses and SAFs provided in this publication are identical to those in ICRP Publication 133 and those used in the OIR series of publications. Computation of SAF values involves simulating radiation transport in computational models which represent the geometry of the reference individuals. The reference voxel phantoms of ICRP Publication 143 are used for photon and neutron transport, and most electron transport. Alpha particle transport is not necessary for large tissue regions as the short range allows for an assumption of full energy absorption (absorbed fraction of unity) for self-irradiation geometries. Additional computational models are needed for charged particles in small, overlapping, or interlaced geometries. Stylised models are described and used for electrons and alpha particles in the alimentary and respiratory tract regions. Image-based models are used to compute SAFs for charged particles within the skeleton. This publication is accompanied by an electronic supplement which includes files containing SAFs for each radiation type in each reference individual. The supplement also includes source and target region masses for each reference individual, as well as skeletal dose-response functions for photons incident upon the skeleton.© 2024 ICRP. Published by SAGE.

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儿科参考个体的特定吸收分数。
计算体内发射的放射性核素对相关器官和组织造成的剂量,需要了解放射性核素随时间变化的分布、其物理衰变特性以及每质量目标吸收的发射能量分数。后一种特性被量化为特定吸收分数(SAF)。本出版物提供了一套参考个体的光子、电子、α粒子和中子(针对发生自发裂变的核素)的比吸收率值。参考个体主要是根据 ICRP 第 89 号出版物中提供的信息定义的。本出版物提供了一些改进和补充数据,确定了《放射性核素职业摄入量(OIR)》和《公众放射性核素摄入量剂量系数》系列出版物中使用的参考个体的源和靶区质量。参考个体包括 0 岁(新生儿)、1 岁、5 岁、10 岁、15 岁和 20 岁(成人)的男性和女性。本出版物中提供的成人参考质量和 SAF 值与国际放射防护委员会第 133 号出版物中的参考质量和 SAF 值以及 OIR 系列出版物中使用的参考质量和 SAF 值完全相同。计算 SAF 值涉及在代表参考个体几何形状的计算模型中模拟辐射传输。国际辐射防护委员会第 143 号出版物中的参考体素模型用于光子和中子传输以及大部分电子传输。α粒子传输对于大的组织区域来说不是必需的,因为短距离允许假设自辐射几何形状完全吸收能量(吸收分数为 1)。对于小型、重叠或交错几何形状的带电粒子,需要额外的计算模型。针对消化道和呼吸道区域的电子和阿尔法粒子,描述并使用了风格化模型。基于图像的模型用于计算骨骼内带电粒子的 SAF。本出版物附有一份电子增补件,其中包含每个参考个体中每种辐射类型的 SAFs 文件。该补编还包括每个参照个体的源和目标区域质量,以及光子入射骨骼的骨骼剂量反应函数。由 SAGE 出版。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Annals of the ICRP
Annals of the ICRP Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
3
期刊介绍: The International Commission on Radiological Protection was founded in 1928 to advance for the public benefit the science of radiological protection. The ICRP provides recommendations and guidance on protection against the risks associated with ionising radiation, from artificial sources as widely used in medicine, general industry and nuclear enterprises, and from naturally occurring sources. These reports and recommendations are published six times each year on behalf of the ICRP as the journal Annals of the ICRP. Each issue provides in-depth coverage of a specific subject area.
期刊最新文献
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