Study of Pure and Mixed-Phase TiO2 Nanomaterials Synthesized via a Modified Solvothermal Method and Their Optical Properties

IF 3.2 4区 化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of the Indian Chemical Society Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI:10.1016/j.jics.2024.101460
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Abstract

The modified-solvothermal method has been used to synthesize pure anatase and anatase-rutile mixed-phase TiO2 nanomaterials using titanium isopropoxide, sodium hydroxide, and triethylamine as primary sources with different calcination temperatures (500 °C and 700 °C). The effect of the precipitating agent, capping agent, and calcination temperatures on the properties, such as structural, morphological, and optical of the resultant nanomaterials has been investigated through several techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). XRD and Raman spectra confirmed the pure anatase and anatase-rutile mixed structures of the prepared nanomaterials at 500 °C and 700 °C. Furthermore, the Raman active modes confirmed the formation of TiO2. It is noticed that the crystallite size of the nanomaterials increased with increasing calcination temperature of the XRD pattern. The morphologies of the prepared samples were displayed using SEM and TEM micrographs, which are almost the same in shape (cubic and cubic rod mixed). The particle size increased with an increase in calcination temperature and was found to be between 10 and 20 nm, which is similar to the crystallite size. The lattice fringes (d) from HRTEM images are assigned to the XRD plane (101) and (110) plane of anatase and anatase-rutile TiO2, respectively. The SAED exhibited well crystalline nature and confirmed the polycrystalline nature of the prepared nanomaterials by the bright points and the ring patterns. The optical band gap decreased with an increase in temperature and the optical properties are affected by calcination temperature and triethylamine.

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改良溶热法合成的纯相和混相二氧化钛纳米材料及其光学特性研究
以异丙醇钛、氢氧化钠和三乙胺为主要原料,在不同的煅烧温度(500 °C和700 °C)下,采用改良溶热法合成了纯锐钛型和锐钛型-中性混合相二氧化钛纳米材料。通过多种技术,包括 X 射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外可见吸收光谱、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)和高分辨率透射电子显微镜(HRTEM),研究了沉淀剂、封端剂和煅烧温度对纳米材料的结构、形态和光学等性能的影响。XRD 和拉曼光谱证实了所制备的纳米材料在 500 ℃ 和 700 ℃ 时的纯锐钛矿和锐钛矿-金红石混合结构。此外,拉曼活性模式证实了 TiO2 的形成。XRD图谱显示,纳米材料的晶体尺寸随着煅烧温度的升高而增大。利用 SEM 和 TEM 显微照片显示了制备样品的形态,其形状几乎相同(立方体和立方体棒状混合)。粒度随着煅烧温度的升高而增大,在 10 至 20 纳米之间,与结晶粒度相似。HRTEM 图像中的晶格条纹 (d) 分别归属于锐钛矿型和锐钛矿型中性二氧化钛的 XRD 平面 (101) 和 (110) 平面。SAED 显示出良好的结晶性,并通过亮点和环形图案证实了所制备纳米材料的多晶性。光带隙随温度升高而减小,光学性质受煅烧温度和三乙胺的影响。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
7.70%
发文量
492
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of the Indian Chemical Society publishes original, fundamental, theorical, experimental research work of highest quality in all areas of chemistry, biochemistry, medicinal chemistry, electrochemistry, agrochemistry, chemical engineering and technology, food chemistry, environmental chemistry, etc.
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