Room-temperature ionic liquid electrolytes for carbon fiber anodes in structural batteries

IF 8.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES Composites Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI:10.1016/j.compscitech.2024.110952
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Abstract

Structural batteries require thermally stable electrolytes paired with carbon fibers (CFs), which offer advantages of lightweight, high mechanical strength, and good electrical conductivity. This work evaluated various room-temperature ionic-liquids (RTILs) as compatible electrolytes for CF anodes and LiFePO4 (LFP) cathodes on CFs. This LFP/CF full-cell design eliminates Cu and Al current-collectors, potentially enhancing gravimetric energy and reducing costs. Among various RTILs, LiTFSI in N-propyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium (PYR13) – bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI) offered promising LFP/CF full-cell performances, attributed to the formation of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on the CF anode with components such as Li2Sx, Li2S–SO3, LiF, LixFy and F–SO2, identified through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and distribution of relaxation times (DRT) analyses further confirmed the electrochemical stability of the SEI layer on CF anodes. The LFP/CF cell delivered an initial capacity of 119 mAh/g and relatively high Coulombic efficiency when using the 1 M LiTFSI in PYR13-FSI. CF cycled in different electrolytes exhibit varying mechanical properties with up to 10.08 % loss in tensile strength, which may be related to CF surface degradation during cycling. The 1 M LiTFSI in PYR13-FSI is non-flammable, offering a significant thermal safety. This work successfully demonstrated the significant potential of 1 M LiTFSI in PYR13-FSI RTILs, which enables the use of CF as both an anode active material and cathode current collector for structural battery applications.

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用于结构电池中碳纤维阳极的室温离子液体电解质
结构电池需要与碳纤维(CF)配对的热稳定电解质,碳纤维具有重量轻、机械强度高和导电性好等优点。这项研究评估了各种室温离子液体(RTIL)作为 CF 阳极和 CF 上磷酸铁锂(LFP)阴极的兼容电解质。这种 LFP/CF 全电池设计消除了铜和铝集流器,有可能提高重力能量并降低成本。在各种 RTIL 中,N-丙基-N-甲基吡咯烷铵(PYR13)-双(氟磺酰)亚胺(FSI)中的 LiTFSI 具有良好的 LFP/CF 全电池性能、通过 X 射线光电子能谱 (XPS) 和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM),可以确定 CF 阳极上形成了固体电解质相间层 (SEI),其中含有 Li2Sx、Li2S-SO3、LiF、LixFy 和 F-SO2 等成分。电化学阻抗光谱(EIS)和弛豫时间分布(DRT)分析进一步证实了 CF 阳极 SEI 层的电化学稳定性。在PYR13-FSI 中使用 1 M LiTFSI 时,LFP/CF 电池的初始容量为 119 mAh/g,库仑效率相对较高。在不同电解质中循环使用的 CF 显示出不同的机械性能,拉伸强度损失高达 10.08%,这可能与循环过程中 CF 表面降解有关。PYR13-FSI中的1 M LiTFSI是不可燃的,具有显著的热安全性。这项研究成功证明了PYR13-FSI RTIL 中 1 M LiTFSI 的巨大潜力,这使得 CF 既可用作结构电池应用的阳极活性材料,也可用作阴极集流器。
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来源期刊
Composites Science and Technology
Composites Science and Technology 工程技术-材料科学:复合
CiteScore
16.20
自引率
9.90%
发文量
611
审稿时长
33 days
期刊介绍: Composites Science and Technology publishes refereed original articles on the fundamental and applied science of engineering composites. The focus of this journal is on polymeric matrix composites with reinforcements/fillers ranging from nano- to macro-scale. CSTE encourages manuscripts reporting unique, innovative contributions to the physics, chemistry, materials science and applied mechanics aspects of advanced composites. Besides traditional fiber reinforced composites, novel composites with significant potential for engineering applications are encouraged.
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