Genetic diversity and genetic structure of local pear cultivars in Xinjiang based on SNP markers

Abstract

Background

Xinjiang is rich in pear varieties, and the genetic relationships among some local cultivars are not clear, which leads to classification controversy. To improve the breeding efficiency of high-quality cultivars, the genetic diversity and genetic structure of these cultivars were accurately evaluated. In this study, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker technology was used to study the genetic diversity and genetic structure of some local pear cultivars in Xinjiang, aiming to provide reference information for genetic improvement and hybrid combination selection of pear cultivars.

Results

In this study, 8,895,117 high-quality SNP loci were successfully developed and used for genetic diversity analysis. The results showed that the genetic differentiation among Xinjiang local pears was low, but nucleotide diversity was high with an average π value of 0. 0043. The tested cultivars were divided into five subgroups for genetic structure analysis. During the period of 4 to 7 million years, the number of pear populations was the largest, and pears developed rapidly during this period.

Conclusions

The genetic background of Xinjiang local pear cultivars is complex, the polymorphism is low, and the degree of uncertainty is high. The results of this study help to objectively evaluate excellent germplasm resources, effectively improve breeding efficiency, and help researchers set more scientific breeding goals.