Enhancing the Synthesis of Porous Activated Carbon for Environmentally Friendly Sulfur Removal from Kerosene Fuel

IF 0.8 4区 工程技术 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Solid Fuel Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.3103/S0361521924700411
Jasim I. Humadi, Amer T. Nawaf, Liqaa I. Saeed, Qahtan A. Mahmood
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Abstract

This work aimed to investigate the removal of sulfur compounds from light kerosene using activated carbon (AC) that was treated with alkali agents (KOH and NaOH) to enhance its adsorption properties. The physicochemical properties of the as-received AC and AC/alkali agents were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). To evaluate the effectiveness of the surface modifications on the adsorbents, various operating conditions were examined. The agitation speed varied between 200, 300, and 400 rpm, while the contact time ranged from 15 to 35 minutes. Additionally, different percentages of KOH (5, 10, 15%) and NaOH (5, 10, 15%) were used to assess their influence on the removal efficiency of sulfur compounds. Based on the given information, it appears that the treatment of activated carbon (AC) with alkali agents, specifically KOH and NaOH, has resulted in an increase in the specific surface areas of the AC. This increase in surface area could potentially enhance the adsorption capabilities of the AC. The results showed that AC/KOH achieved a sulfur removal efficiency of 69%, while AC/NaOH demonstrated a higher efficiency of 84%. The highest sulfur removal efficiency was achieved under specific conditions: a NaOH concentration of 4 M, agitation speed of 400 rpm, and contact time of 35 minutes. Overall, the treatment of activated carbon with alkali agents, particularly NaOH, led to increased specific surface areas and the presence of hydroxyl functional groups. The surface area of AC-treatment will be increased because the functional group formation new location in AC-support and increased the porosity, therefore the surface area will increase. The resulting composites, AC/KOH and AC/NaOH, demonstrated enhanced sulfur removal efficiency compared to other composites, with AC/NaOH showing the highest performance.

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加强多孔活性炭的合成以实现煤油燃料的环保脱硫
这项工作旨在研究使用活性炭(AC)去除轻质煤油中的硫化合物,活性炭经过碱剂(KOH 和 NaOH)处理以增强其吸附特性。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对活性炭和活性炭/碱剂的物理化学特性进行了表征。为了评估表面改性对吸附剂的效果,研究人员考察了各种操作条件。搅拌速度在 200、300 和 400 rpm 之间变化,接触时间在 15 至 35 分钟之间。此外,还使用了不同比例的 KOH(5、10、15%)和 NaOH(5、10、15%)来评估它们对硫化合物去除效率的影响。根据所提供的信息,用碱剂(特别是 KOH 和 NaOH)处理活性炭似乎增加了活性炭的比表面积。比表面积的增加有可能增强活性炭的吸附能力。结果表明,AC/KOH 的脱硫效率为 69%,而 AC/NaOH 的脱硫效率更高,达到 84%。最高的硫去除效率是在特定条件下实现的:NaOH 浓度为 4 M,搅拌速度为 400 rpm,接触时间为 35 分钟。总之,用碱剂(尤其是 NaOH)处理活性炭可增加比表面积和羟基官能团的存在。AC 处理后的比表面积增大,是因为官能团在 AC 支座中形成了新的位置,增加了孔隙率,因此比表面积增大。与其他复合材料相比,AC/KOH 和 AC/NaOH 所产生的复合材料具有更高的脱硫效率,其中 AC/NaOH 的脱硫效率最高。
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来源期刊
Solid Fuel Chemistry
Solid Fuel Chemistry CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-ENERGY & FUELS
CiteScore
1.10
自引率
28.60%
发文量
52
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The journal publishes theoretical and applied articles on the chemistry and physics of solid fuels and carbonaceous materials. It addresses the composition, structure, and properties of solid fuels. The aim of the published articles is to demonstrate how novel discoveries, developments, and theories may be used in improved analysis and design of new types of fuels, chemicals, and by-products. The journal is particularly concerned with technological aspects of various chemical conversion processes and includes papers related to geochemistry, petrology and systematization of fossil fuels, their beneficiation and preparation for processing, the processes themselves, and the ultimate recovery of the liquid or gaseous end products.
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