Turbulent Vertical Velocities in Labrador Sea Convection

IF 4.6 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI:10.1029/2024gl110318
L. Clément, L. Merckelbach, E. Frajka-Williams
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Vertical velocity, <span data-altimg=\"/cms/asset/dc4fe38a-4608-4853-8f28-bbb75604caac/grl68462-math-0001.png\"></span><mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"233\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" role=\"application\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 103%; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"><mjx-math aria-hidden=\"true\" location=\"graphic/grl68462-math-0001.png\"><mjx-semantics><mjx-mrow><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic- data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"w\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mi></mjx-mrow></mjx-semantics></mjx-math><mjx-assistive-mml display=\"inline\" unselectable=\"on\"><math altimg=\"urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl68462:grl68462-math-0001\" display=\"inline\" location=\"graphic/grl68462-math-0001.png\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"w\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\">w</mi></mrow>$w$</annotation></semantics></math></mjx-assistive-mml></mjx-container>, is retrieved from wintertime glider deployments in the convective region. From <span data-altimg=\"/cms/asset/ecaeeb46-0865-44e1-878c-af4f45521bca/grl68462-math-0002.png\"></span><mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"234\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" role=\"application\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 103%; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"><mjx-math aria-hidden=\"true\" location=\"graphic/grl68462-math-0002.png\"><mjx-semantics><mjx-mrow><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic- data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"w\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mi></mjx-mrow></mjx-semantics></mjx-math><mjx-assistive-mml display=\"inline\" unselectable=\"on\"><math altimg=\"urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl68462:grl68462-math-0002\" display=\"inline\" location=\"graphic/grl68462-math-0002.png\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"w\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\">w</mi></mrow>$w$</annotation></semantics></math></mjx-assistive-mml></mjx-container>, downward convective plumes of dense waters are identified. These plumes only cover a small fraction of the convective area. Throughout the convective area, the standard deviation of <span data-altimg=\"/cms/asset/d9744165-4f9d-4e88-afe2-b39f385fda23/grl68462-math-0003.png\"></span><mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"235\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" role=\"application\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 103%; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"><mjx-math aria-hidden=\"true\" location=\"graphic/grl68462-math-0003.png\"><mjx-semantics><mjx-mrow><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic- data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"w\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mi></mjx-mrow></mjx-semantics></mjx-math><mjx-assistive-mml display=\"inline\" unselectable=\"on\"><math altimg=\"urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl68462:grl68462-math-0003\" display=\"inline\" location=\"graphic/grl68462-math-0003.png\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"w\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\">w</mi></mrow>$w$</annotation></semantics></math></mjx-assistive-mml></mjx-container> agrees with scaling relations for the atmospheric surface and boundary layers. It initially depends on surface buoyancy loss in winter, and later, on wind stress after mid-March. Both periods are characterized by positive turbulent vertical buoyancy flux. During convective periods in winter, the positive buoyancy flux is mostly forced by surface heat loss. After mid-March, when buoyancy loss to the atmosphere is reduced, the positive buoyancy flux results from a restratifying upward freshwater flux, potentially of lateral origins and without much atmospheric influence.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Geophysical Research Letters","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl110318","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract

Turbulent vertical velocity measurements are scarce in regions prone to convection such as the Labrador Sea, which hinders our understanding of deep convection dynamics. Vertical velocity, w$w$, is retrieved from wintertime glider deployments in the convective region. From w$w$, downward convective plumes of dense waters are identified. These plumes only cover a small fraction of the convective area. Throughout the convective area, the standard deviation of w$w$ agrees with scaling relations for the atmospheric surface and boundary layers. It initially depends on surface buoyancy loss in winter, and later, on wind stress after mid-March. Both periods are characterized by positive turbulent vertical buoyancy flux. During convective periods in winter, the positive buoyancy flux is mostly forced by surface heat loss. After mid-March, when buoyancy loss to the atmosphere is reduced, the positive buoyancy flux results from a restratifying upward freshwater flux, potentially of lateral origins and without much atmospheric influence.
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拉布拉多海对流中的湍流垂直速度
在拉布拉多海等易发生对流的地区,湍流垂直速度测量数据很少,这妨碍了我们对深层对流动力学的了解。垂直速度 w$w$ 是通过对流区域的冬季滑翔机布放获取的。根据 w$w$,可以确定高密度水体的向下对流羽流。这些羽流只覆盖对流区域的一小部分。在整个对流区域,w$w$ 的标准偏差与大气表层和边界层的比例关系一致。它最初取决于冬季的表面浮力损失,后来取决于三月中旬以后的风压。这两个时期的特点都是正湍流垂直浮力通量。在冬季的对流期,正浮力通量主要由地表热损失所驱动。3 月中旬以后,大气中的浮力损失减少,正浮力通量来自于限制性上升淡水通量,可能来自于横向通量,而不受大气影响。
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来源期刊
Geophysical Research Letters
Geophysical Research Letters 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
9.00
自引率
9.60%
发文量
1588
审稿时长
2.2 months
期刊介绍: Geophysical Research Letters (GRL) publishes high-impact, innovative, and timely research on major scientific advances in all the major geoscience disciplines. Papers are communications-length articles and should have broad and immediate implications in their discipline or across the geosciences. GRLmaintains the fastest turn-around of all high-impact publications in the geosciences and works closely with authors to ensure broad visibility of top papers.
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