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{"title":"Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of the(8.88×8.88)incommensurate surface reconstruction of Cu on Ge(111)","authors":"Mathis Cameau, Tristan Cren, Pascal David, François Debontridder, Natalia Olszowska, Marcin Rosmus, Mathieu G. Silly, Marie D'angelo","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.110.205414","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"In this study we revisit the properties of the <mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"25\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" overflow=\"linebreak\" role=\"tree\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 100.7%;\" tabindex=\"0\"><mjx-math data-semantic-structure=\"(16 (9 0 (8 1 (7 2 3 4) 5) 6) 14 10 15 (13 11 12))\"><mjx-mrow data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:unit\" data-semantic-children=\"9,10,13\" data-semantic-content=\"14,15\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"9 14 10 15 13\" data-semantic-role=\"implicit\" data-semantic-speech=\"left parenthesis quotation mark 8.88 times 8.88 quotation mark right parenthesis normal upper R 30 Superscript ring\" data-semantic-type=\"infixop\"><mjx-mrow data-semantic-children=\"8\" data-semantic-content=\"0,6\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"0 8 6\" data-semantic-parent=\"16\" data-semantic-role=\"leftright\" data-semantic-type=\"fenced\"><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"fenced\" data-semantic-parent=\"9\" data-semantic-role=\"open\" data-semantic-type=\"fence\" style=\"vertical-align: -0.02em;\"><mjx-c>(</mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mrow data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic-children=\"1,7,5\" data-semantic-content=\"1,5\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"1 7 5\" data-semantic-parent=\"9\" data-semantic-role=\"sequence\" data-semantic-type=\"punctuated\"><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"punctuated\" data-semantic-parent=\"8\" data-semantic-role=\"quotes\" data-semantic-type=\"punctuation\"><mjx-c>″</mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mrow data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic-children=\"2,4\" data-semantic-content=\"3\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"2 3 4\" data-semantic-parent=\"8\" data-semantic-role=\"multiplication\" data-semantic-type=\"infixop\"><mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"7\" data-semantic-role=\"float\" data-semantic-type=\"number\"><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">8</mjx-c><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">.</mjx-c><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">8</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">8</mjx-c></mjx-mn><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"infixop,×\" data-semantic-parent=\"7\" data-semantic-role=\"multiplication\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\" space=\"3\"><mjx-c>×</mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"7\" data-semantic-role=\"float\" data-semantic-type=\"number\" space=\"3\"><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">8</mjx-c><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">.</mjx-c><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">8</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">8</mjx-c></mjx-mn></mjx-mrow><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"punctuated\" data-semantic-parent=\"8\" data-semantic-role=\"quotes\" data-semantic-type=\"punctuation\"><mjx-c>″</mjx-c></mjx-mo></mjx-mrow><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"fenced\" data-semantic-parent=\"9\" data-semantic-role=\"close\" data-semantic-type=\"fence\" style=\"vertical-align: -0.02em;\"><mjx-c>)</mjx-c></mjx-mo></mjx-mrow><mjx-mo data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"infixop,\" data-semantic-parent=\"16\" data-semantic-role=\"multiplication\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"16\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\" space=\"2\"><mjx-c>R</mjx-c></mjx-mi><mjx-mo data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"infixop,\" data-semantic-parent=\"16\" data-semantic-role=\"multiplication\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-msup data-semantic-children=\"11,12\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"11 12\" data-semantic-parent=\"16\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"superscript\"><mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"13\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\"><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.644em;\">3</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\"padding-top: 0.644em;\">0</mjx-c></mjx-mn><mjx-script style=\"vertical-align: 0.371em;\"><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"13\" data-semantic-role=\"multiplication\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\" size=\"s\"><mjx-c>∘</mjx-c></mjx-mo></mjx-script></mjx-msup></mjx-mrow></mjx-math></mjx-container> surface reconstruction obtained by evaporation of Cu on Ge(111), motivated by the predictions of Dirac nodal lines in two-dimensional <mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"26\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" overflow=\"linebreak\" role=\"tree\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 100.7%;\" tabindex=\"0\"><mjx-math data-semantic-structure=\"(5 (2 0 1) 4 3)\"><mjx-mrow data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:unit\" data-semantic-children=\"2,3\" data-semantic-content=\"4\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"2 4 3\" data-semantic-role=\"implicit\" data-semantic-speech=\"upper C u 2 upper G e\" data-semantic-type=\"infixop\"><mjx-msub data-semantic-children=\"0,1\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"0 1\" data-semantic-parent=\"5\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-type=\"subscript\"><mjx-mi data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.669em;\">C</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\"padding-top: 0.669em;\">u</mjx-c></mjx-mi><mjx-script style=\"vertical-align: -0.15em;\"><mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\" size=\"s\"><mjx-c>2</mjx-c></mjx-mn></mjx-script></mjx-msub><mjx-mo data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"infixop,\" data-semantic-parent=\"5\" data-semantic-role=\"multiplication\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mi data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"5\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\" space=\"2\"><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.669em;\">G</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\"padding-top: 0.669em;\">e</mjx-c></mjx-mi></mjx-mrow></mjx-math></mjx-container> monolayer. After providing an updated version of the band structure of Ge(111) by angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES), we present the band structure of the <mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"27\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" overflow=\"linebreak\" role=\"tree\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 100.7%;\" tabindex=\"0\"><mjx-math data-semantic-structure=\"(25 (21 0 1 (20 2 19 (18 3 4 5))) 6 (24 (13 7 (12 8 9 10) 11) 22 14 23 (17 15 16)))\"><mjx-mrow data-semantic-children=\"21,24\" data-semantic-content=\"6\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"21 6 24\" data-semantic-role=\"subtraction\" data-semantic-speech=\"upper C u divided by upper G e left parenthesis 111 right parenthesis minus left parenthesis 8.88 times 8.88 right parenthesis normal upper R 30 Superscript ring\" data-semantic-type=\"infixop\"><mjx-mrow data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic-children=\"0,20\" data-semantic-content=\"1\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"0 1 20\" data-semantic-parent=\"25\" data-semantic-role=\"division\" data-semantic-type=\"infixop\"><mjx-mi data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"21\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.669em;\">C</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\"padding-top: 0.669em;\">u</mjx-c></mjx-mi><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"infixop,/\" data-semantic-parent=\"21\" data-semantic-role=\"division\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\" space=\"2\"><mjx-c>/</mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mrow data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic-children=\"2,18\" data-semantic-content=\"19,2\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"2 19 18\" data-semantic-parent=\"21\" data-semantic-role=\"simple function\" data-semantic-type=\"appl\" space=\"2\"><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"appl\" data-semantic-parent=\"20\" data-semantic-role=\"simple function\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.669em;\">G</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\"padding-top: 0.669em;\">e</mjx-c></mjx-mi><mjx-mo data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"appl\" data-semantic-parent=\"20\" data-semantic-role=\"application\" data-semantic-type=\"punctuation\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mrow data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic-children=\"4\" data-semantic-content=\"3,5\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"3 4 5\" data-semantic-parent=\"20\" data-semantic-role=\"leftright\" data-semantic-type=\"fenced\" space=\"2\"><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"fenced\" data-semantic-parent=\"18\" data-semantic-role=\"open\" data-semantic-type=\"fence\" style=\"vertical-align: -0.02em;\"><mjx-c>(</mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mi data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"18\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.639em;\">1</mjx-c><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.639em;\">1</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\"padding-top: 0.639em;\">1</mjx-c></mjx-mi><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"fenced\" data-semantic-parent=\"18\" data-semantic-role=\"close\" data-semantic-type=\"fence\" style=\"vertical-align: -0.02em;\"><mjx-c>)</mjx-c></mjx-mo></mjx-mrow></mjx-mrow></mjx-mrow><mjx-mtext data-semantic-annotation=\"general:text\" data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"infixop,−\" data-semantic-parent=\"25\" data-semantic-role=\"subtraction\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\" space=\"2\" style='font-family: MJX-STX-ZERO, \"Helvetica Neue\", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;'><mjx-utext style=\"font-size: 90.6%; padding: 0.828em 0px 0.221em; width: 7px;\" variant=\"-explicitFont\">−</mjx-utext></mjx-mtext><mjx-mrow data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:unit\" data-semantic-children=\"13,14,17\" data-semantic-content=\"22,23\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"13 22 14 23 17\" data-semantic-parent=\"25\" data-semantic-role=\"implicit\" data-semantic-type=\"infixop\" space=\"2\"><mjx-mrow data-semantic-children=\"12\" data-semantic-content=\"7,11\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"7 12 11\" data-semantic-parent=\"24\" data-semantic-role=\"leftright\" data-semantic-type=\"fenced\"><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"fenced\" data-semantic-parent=\"13\" data-semantic-role=\"open\" data-semantic-type=\"fence\" style=\"vertical-align: -0.02em;\"><mjx-c>(</mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mrow data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic-children=\"8,10\" data-semantic-content=\"9\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"8 9 10\" data-semantic-parent=\"13\" data-semantic-role=\"multiplication\" data-semantic-type=\"infixop\"><mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"12\" data-semantic-role=\"float\" data-semantic-type=\"number\"><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">8</mjx-c><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">.</mjx-c><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">8</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">8</mjx-c></mjx-mn><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"infixop,×\" data-semantic-parent=\"12\" data-semantic-role=\"multiplication\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\" space=\"3\"><mjx-c>×</mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"12\" data-semantic-role=\"float\" data-semantic-type=\"number\" space=\"3\"><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">8</mjx-c><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">.</mjx-c><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">8</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\"padding-top: 0.647em;\">8</mjx-c></mjx-mn></mjx-mrow><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"fenced\" data-semantic-parent=\"13\" data-semantic-role=\"close\" data-semantic-type=\"fence\" style=\"vertical-align: -0.02em;\"><mjx-c>)</mjx-c></mjx-mo></mjx-mrow><mjx-mo data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"infixop,\" data-semantic-parent=\"24\" data-semantic-role=\"multiplication\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"24\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\" space=\"2\"><mjx-c>R</mjx-c></mjx-mi><mjx-mo data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"infixop,\" data-semantic-parent=\"24\" data-semantic-role=\"multiplication\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-msup data-semantic-children=\"15,16\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"15 16\" data-semantic-parent=\"24\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"superscript\"><mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"17\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\"><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.644em;\">3</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\"padding-top: 0.644em;\">0</mjx-c></mjx-mn><mjx-script style=\"vertical-align: 0.371em;\"><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"17\" data-semantic-role=\"multiplication\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\" size=\"s\"><mjx-c>∘</mjx-c></mjx-mo></mjx-script></mjx-msup></mjx-mrow></mjx-mrow></mjx-math></mjx-container> surface, which presents two surface bands, with having linear dispersion at the Fermi level.","PeriodicalId":20082,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review B","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Physical Review B","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.110.205414","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Physics and Astronomy","Score":null,"Total":0}
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