Diatoms exhibit dynamic chloroplast calcium signals in response to high light and oxidative stress

IF 6.5 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI:10.1093/plphys/kiae591
Serena Flori, Jack Dickenson, Trupti Gaikwad, Isobel Cole, Nicholas Smirnoff, Katherine Helliwell, Colin Brownlee, Glen Wheeler
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Abstract

Diatoms are a group of silicified algae that play a major role in marine and freshwater ecosystems. Diatom chloroplasts were acquired by secondary endosymbiosis and exhibit important structural and functional differences from the primary plastids of land plants and green algae. Many functions of primary plastids, including photoacclimation and inorganic carbon acquisition, are regulated by calcium-dependent signalling processes. Calcium signalling has also been implicated in the photoprotective responses of diatoms; however, the nature of calcium elevations in diatom chloroplasts and their wider role in cell signalling remains unknown. Using genetically encoded calcium indicators, we find that the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum exhibits dynamic calcium elevations within the chloroplast stroma. Stromal calcium ([Ca2+]str) acts independently from the cytosol and is not elevated by stimuli that induce large cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]cyt) elevations. In contrast, high light and exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induce large, sustained [Ca2+]str elevations that are not replicated in the cytosol. Measurements using the fluorescent H2O2 sensor roGFP2-Oxidant Receptor Peroxidase 1 (Orp1) indicate that [Ca2+]str elevations induced by these stimuli correspond to the accumulation of H2O2 in the chloroplast. [Ca2+]str elevations were also induced by adding methyl viologen, which generates superoxide within the chloroplast, and by treatments that disrupt non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). The findings indicate that diatoms generate specific [Ca2+]str elevations in response to high light and oxidative stress that likely modulate the activity of calcium-sensitive components in photoprotection and other regulatory pathways.
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硅藻在应对强光和氧化应激时表现出动态的叶绿体钙信号
硅藻是一类硅化藻类,在海洋和淡水生态系统中发挥着重要作用。硅藻叶绿体是通过次生内共生获得的,在结构和功能上与陆地植物和绿藻的初级质体有很大不同。初级质体的许多功能,包括光适应和无机碳获取,都受钙依赖信号过程的调节。钙信号也与硅藻的光保护反应有关;然而,硅藻叶绿体中钙升高的性质及其在细胞信号中的广泛作用仍不清楚。利用基因编码的钙指示剂,我们发现硅藻 Phaeodactylum tricornutum 在叶绿体基质中表现出动态的钙升高。基质钙([Ca2+]str)的作用独立于细胞膜,不会因引起细胞膜钙([Ca2+]cyt)大幅升高的刺激而升高。相反,强光和外源过氧化氢(H2O2)会诱导大量、持续的[Ca2+]str 升高,而这种升高不会在细胞质中复制。利用荧光 H2O2 传感器 roGFP2-Oxidant Receptor Peroxidase 1(Orp1)进行的测量表明,这些刺激引起的[Ca2+]str 升高与叶绿体中 H2O2 的积累相对应。在叶绿体中加入能产生超氧化物的甲基紫精以及破坏非光化学淬灭(NPQ)的处理也能诱导[Ca2+]str的升高。研究结果表明,硅藻在应对强光和氧化应激时会产生特定的[Ca2+]str升高,这可能会调节光保护和其他调节途径中钙敏感成分的活性。
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来源期刊
Plant Physiology
Plant Physiology 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
12.20
自引率
5.40%
发文量
535
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Plant Physiology® is a distinguished and highly respected journal with a rich history dating back to its establishment in 1926. It stands as a leading international publication in the field of plant biology, covering a comprehensive range of topics from the molecular and structural aspects of plant life to systems biology and ecophysiology. Recognized as the most highly cited journal in plant sciences, Plant Physiology® is a testament to its commitment to excellence and the dissemination of groundbreaking research. As the official publication of the American Society of Plant Biologists, Plant Physiology® upholds rigorous peer-review standards, ensuring that the scientific community receives the highest quality research. The journal releases 12 issues annually, providing a steady stream of new findings and insights to its readership.
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