Determination of local mechanical properties of clear wood in relation to the local fiber deviation

IF 3.1 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY Wood Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI:10.1007/s00226-024-01607-5
L. Demoulin, G. Pot, L. Denaud, S. Girardon, B. Marcon
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Abstract

Products made with veneers such as Laminated Veneer Lumber can reach higher properties than solid wood because the defects such as knots (but not only) are distributed among the various layers. Visual sorting, even using automatic grading, is only partially efficient for evaluating mechanical properties, which mainly depends on the fiber orientation and the density both at local scale. An experimental protocol has been established to correlate the nondestructive (fiber orientation and density) estimation and the destructive (tensile test) measurement of beech veneer wood. The aim is to understand the impact of the small imperfections on clear wood in fiber orientation on the mechanical properties. In the present study, wood veneer is assumed to be a transverse isotropic material due to the predominant wood fiber direction in the growth direction of the tree. Experimental measurements of modulus of elasticity are based on Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and virtual extensometer. The Young modulus model is based on a composite material model that considers fiber orientation and density. The Young modulus model is used to determine longitudinal, transverse, and shear moduli, for specimens with angles ranging from 0 to 45°. Mechanical properties are obtained by mathematical minimization between experimental and model data. The coefficient of determination obtained was 0.97. The measure of the fiber angle with a resolution of 1 × 1 mm2 and the tensile test with the DIC, both local, significantly improve Young modulus measurement compared to previous studies’ assessment accuracy and allow for a better understanding of the wood behavior.

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根据局部纤维偏差确定清材的局部机械特性
用单板(如层压单板木材)制成的产品可以达到比实木更高的性能,因为缺陷(如节疤)分布在各层中。目视分选,即使使用自动分级,也只能部分有效地评估机械性能,而机械性能主要取决于局部范围内的纤维方向和密度。我们已经制定了一个实验方案,将榉木单板木材的非破坏性(纤维方向和密度)评估与破坏性(拉伸试验)测量联系起来。这样做的目的是为了了解清材纤维取向上的微小瑕疵对机械性能的影响。在本研究中,假定木皮是横向各向同性材料,因为木纤维方向主要在树木的生长方向上。弹性模量的实验测量基于数字图像相关(DIC)和虚拟拉伸计。杨氏模量模型基于复合材料模型,该模型考虑了纤维方向和密度。杨氏模量模型用于确定角度为 0 至 45°的试样的纵向、横向和剪切模量。力学性能是通过对实验数据和模型数据进行数学最小化处理而获得的。确定系数为 0.97。与以往研究的评估精度相比,以 1 × 1 mm2 的分辨率测量纤维角和使用 DIC 进行局部拉伸测试,大大提高了杨氏模量的测量精度,并能更好地了解木材的行为。
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来源期刊
Wood Science and Technology
Wood Science and Technology 工程技术-材料科学:纸与木材
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
5.90%
发文量
75
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Wood Science and Technology publishes original scientific research results and review papers covering the entire field of wood material science, wood components and wood based products. Subjects are wood biology and wood quality, wood physics and physical technologies, wood chemistry and chemical technologies. Latest advances in areas such as cell wall and wood formation; structural and chemical composition of wood and wood composites and their property relations; physical, mechanical and chemical characterization and relevant methodological developments, and microbiological degradation of wood and wood based products are reported. Topics related to wood technology include machining, gluing, and finishing, composite technology, wood modification, wood mechanics, creep and rheology, and the conversion of wood into pulp and biorefinery products.
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