Racial/ethnic differences in risk factors for non-cardia gastric cancer: an analysis of the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study.

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY Cancer Causes & Control Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI:10.1007/s10552-024-01934-9

Alexandra Adams, Atish Gandhi, Patricia Friedmann, Srawani Sarkar, Brijesh Rana, Meira Epplein, Lynne Wilkens, Brian Z Huang, Haejin In

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Abstract

Purpose: Gastric cancer (GC) incidence rates show notable differences by racial/ethnic groups in the US. We sought to determine whether stratification by race/ethnicity would reveal unique risk factors for development of non-cardia gastric cancer (NCGC) for US population.

Methods: Analysis included 1,112 incident cases of NCGC and 190,883 controls from the Multiethnic Cohort Study, a prospective US cohort study that recruited individuals living in Hawaii and California, aged 45-75 years from 5 races/ethnicities. Descriptive analysis and Cox regression models examined the association of risk factors for GC and calculate hazard ratios for each race/ethnicity, adjusting for sociodemographic and dietary variables.

Results: Increasing age and male sex were risk factors for NCGC for most race/ethnicities. Higher risk was associated with: GC family history for Latino and Japanese American individuals [HRs range from 1.75 to 1.98]; foreign-born for Japanese American individuals [HR: 1.52, 95% CI 1.11-2.09]; lower education for African American, Japanese American, and Native Hawaiian individuals [HRs range from 1.30 to 1.74]; daily alcohol consumption for African American individuals[HR: 1.56, 95% CI 1.04-2.35]; current smoking for Latino and Japanese American individuals [HRs range from 1.89 to 1.94]; sodium consumption in the highest quartile for White individuals [HR: 2.55, 95% CI 1.23-5.26] compared to the lowest quartile; fruit consumption in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th highest quartile for Native Hawaiian individuals [HRs range from 2.19 to 2.60] compared to the lowest quartile; diabetes for African American individuals [HR: 1.79, 95% CI 1.21-2.64]; and gastric/duodenal ulcers for Native Hawaiian individuals [HR: 1.82, 95% CI 1.04-3.18].

Conclusion: Analyses by racial/ethnic group revealed differing risk factors for NCGC. Increased knowledge of the varying pathways to GC can support personalized GC prevention strategies and risk stratification tools for early detection.

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非心源性胃癌风险因素的种族/民族差异：多民族队列（MEC）研究分析。

目的：在美国，不同种族/族裔群体的胃癌（GC）发病率存在明显差异。我们试图确定按种族/民族分层是否会揭示美国人口患非心源性胃癌（NCGC）的独特风险因素：多种族队列研究是一项前瞻性美国队列研究，招募了居住在夏威夷和加利福尼亚州、年龄在 45-75 岁之间、来自 5 个种族/族裔的人。描述性分析和 Cox 回归模型检验了 GC 风险因素的关联性，并计算了每个种族/族裔的危险比，同时调整了社会人口学和饮食变量：在大多数种族/人种中，年龄和男性性别的增加是NCGC的风险因素。高风险与以下因素有关拉美裔和日裔美国人的 GC 家族史[HRs 从 1.75 到 1.98 不等]；日裔美国人在国外出生[HR：1.52，95% CI 1.11-2.09]；非裔美国人、日裔美国人和夏威夷原住民受教育程度较低[HRs 从 1.30 到 1.74 不等]；非裔美国人每天饮酒[HR：1.56，95% CI 1.04-2.35]；拉美裔和日裔美国人目前吸烟[HRs 从 1.89 到 1.94 不等]；钠盐摄入量较高[HRs 从 1.89 到 1.94 不等]。89至1.94]；与最低四分位数相比，白人的钠消耗量处于最高四分位数[HR：2.55，95% CI 1.23-5.26]；与夏威夷原住民相比，夏威夷原住民的水果消耗量处于最高的第二、第三和第四四分位数[HR：2.19至2.60]。与最低四分位数相比，非裔美国人的糖尿病[HR：1.79，95% CI 1.21-2.64]；夏威夷原住民的胃/十二指肠溃疡[HR：1.82，95% CI 1.04-3.18]：按种族/族裔群体进行的分析显示，NCGC的风险因素各不相同。增加对导致 GC 的不同途径的了解有助于制定个性化的 GC 预防策略和早期检测的风险分层工具。

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来源期刊

Cancer Causes & Control 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

4.30%

发文量

130

审稿时长

6.6 months

期刊介绍： Cancer Causes & Control is an international refereed journal that both reports and stimulates new avenues of investigation into the causes, control, and subsequent prevention of cancer. By drawing together related information published currently in a diverse range of biological and medical journals, it has a multidisciplinary and multinational approach. The scope of the journal includes: variation in cancer distribution within and between populations; factors associated with cancer risk; preventive and therapeutic interventions on a population scale; economic, demographic, and health-policy implications of cancer; and related methodological issues. The emphasis is on speed of publication. The journal will normally publish within 30 to 60 days of acceptance of manuscripts. Cancer Causes & Control publishes Original Articles, Reviews, Commentaries, Opinions, Short Communications and Letters to the Editor which will have direct relevance to researchers and practitioners working in epidemiology, medical statistics, cancer biology, health education, medical economics and related fields. The journal also contains significant information for government agencies concerned with cancer research, control and policy.