Complex Febrile Seizures: Usual and the Unusual.

IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Indian Journal of Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-08 DOI:10.1007/s12098-024-05301-z
Robyn Whitney, Debopam Samanta, Suvasini Sharma, Puneet Jain
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Abstract

Febrile seizures account for 2 to 14% of all childhood seizures, and one-third of febrile seizures are complex febrile seizures. Despite this, there is a lack of clinical equipoise in the diagnosis and management of complex febrile seizures and this results in significant practice variability amongst physicians. Although febrile seizures are generally noted to be benign phenomenon, complex febrile seizures carry the risk of subsequent epilepsy. Furthermore, long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae have been observed in some cohorts. The presence of both simple and complex febrile seizures have also been documented in sudden unexpected death in childhood cohorts, and there may be similarities in the underlying pathophysiology to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. Finally, in some cases the presence of complex febrile seizures may herald the onset of a devastating developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (i.e., Dravet syndrome) or Febrile-Infection Related Epilepsy Syndrome (FIRES). In this narrative review the authors explore the current state of management of complex febrile seizures, their neurological sequelae and morbidity as well as rare epilepsy syndromes and conditions associated with them.

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复杂热性惊厥:通常与异常。
发热性惊厥占所有儿童惊厥的 2% 到 14%,而三分之一的发热性惊厥属于复杂性发热性惊厥。尽管如此,临床上对复杂性发热惊厥的诊断和处理仍缺乏统一标准,这导致医生之间的诊疗方法存在很大差异。虽然人们普遍认为发热性癫痫发作是一种良性现象,但复杂性发热性癫痫发作会带来继发性癫痫的风险。此外,在一些人群中还观察到了长期的神经发育后遗症。在儿童意外猝死队列中也有简单和复杂发热性癫痫发作的记录,其潜在的病理生理学可能与癫痫意外猝死有相似之处。最后,在某些情况下,复杂热性惊厥的出现可能预示着破坏性发育和癫痫性脑病(即德拉沃综合征)或发热-感染相关癫痫综合征(FIRES)的发生。在这篇叙述性综述中,作者探讨了复杂性发热惊厥的管理现状、其神经系统后遗症和发病率以及罕见癫痫综合征和与之相关的病症。
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来源期刊
Indian Journal of Pediatrics
Indian Journal of Pediatrics 医学-小儿科
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
7.00%
发文量
394
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: Indian Journal of Pediatrics (IJP), is an official publication of the Dr. K.C. Chaudhuri Foundation. The Journal, a peer-reviewed publication, is published twelve times a year on a monthly basis (January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December), and publishes clinical and basic research of all aspects of pediatrics, provided they have scientific merit and represent an important advance in knowledge. The Journal publishes original articles, review articles, case reports which provide new information, letters in relation to published articles, scientific research letters and picture of the month, announcements (meetings, courses, job advertisements); summary report of conferences and book reviews.
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