Glaciation of liquid clouds, snowfall, and reduced cloud cover at industrial aerosol hot spots

IF 45.8 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Science Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI:10.1126/science.adl0303

Velle Toll, Jorma Rahu, Hannes Keernik, Heido Trofimov, Tanel Voormansik, Peter Manshausen, Emma Hung, Daniel Michelson, Matthew W. Christensen, Piia Post, Heikki Junninen, Benjamin J. Murray, Ulrike Lohmann, Duncan Watson-Parris, Philip Stier, Norman Donaldson, Trude Storelvmo, Markku Kulmala, Nicolas Bellouin

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Abstract

The ability of anthropogenic aerosols to freeze supercooled cloud droplets remains debated. In this work, we present observational evidence for the glaciation of supercooled liquid-water clouds at industrial aerosol hot spots at temperatures between −10° and −24°C. Compared with the nearby liquid-water clouds, shortwave reflectance was reduced by 14% and longwave radiance was increased by 4% in the glaciation-affected regions. There was an 8% reduction in cloud cover and an 18% reduction in cloud optical thickness. Additionally, daily glaciation-induced snowfall accumulations reached 15 millimeters. Glaciation events downwind of industrial aerosol hot spots indicate that anthropogenic aerosols likely serve as ice-nucleating particles. However, rare glaciation events downwind of nuclear power plants indicate that factors other than aerosol emissions may also play a role in the observed glaciation events.

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工业气溶胶热点地区的液态云冰川化、降雪和云量减少

人为气溶胶冻结过冷云滴的能力仍存在争议。在这项研究中，我们提出了工业气溶胶热点地区-10°至-24°C温度范围内过冷液态水云冰冻的观测证据。与附近的液态水云相比，受冰川影响区域的短波反射率降低了 14%，长波辐射率增加了 4%。云量减少了 8%，云光学厚度减少了 18%。此外，冰川作用引起的日降雪量达到 15 毫米。工业气溶胶热点地区下风向的冰川事件表明，人为气溶胶很可能是冰核粒子。然而，核电站下风向罕见的冰川现象表明，气溶胶排放以外的因素也可能在观测到的冰川现象中发挥作用。

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来源期刊

Science 综合性期刊-综合性期刊

CiteScore

61.10

自引率

0.90%

发文量

审稿时长

2.1 months

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