Oropouche virus infection: Differential clinical outcomes and emerging global concerns of vertical transmission and fatal cases
Giancarlo Ceccarelli , Francesco Branda , Fabio Scarpa , Massimo Ciccozzi , Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara , Marta Giovanetti
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奥罗普切病毒感染:不同的临床结果以及全球对垂直传播和致命病例的新关注。
奥罗普切病毒(OROV)是一种 Peribunyaviridae 科病毒,已成为一种严重的虫媒病毒威胁,尤其是在南美洲和中美洲。传统上,奥罗普切病毒会引起轻微的发热性疾病,但最近爆发的疫情显示出严重的临床后果,包括无菌性脑膜炎、脑炎,以及最近导致先天性畸形和死亡的垂直传播。环境变化,包括森林砍伐和气候变化,扩大了病毒的地理分布范围,如巴西,截至 2024 年 8 月报告的病例超过 8000 例,而 2023 年报告的病例不到 831 例。垂直传播首次得到证实,出现了胎儿死亡和先天畸形病例,如小头畸形和胼胝体发育不全,这与 2015-2016 年爆发的寨卡病毒相似。尽管这些趋势令人震惊,但人们对胎盘传播、母体免疫和胎儿易感性的关键机制仍然知之甚少。这一观点突出表明,迫切需要采取协调一致的全球应对措施,重点是加强对新疫区的监测、病媒控制策略,以及研究导致严重临床结果的因素。加强全球努力对于减轻 OROV 带来的公共卫生威胁至关重要,特别是考虑到它有可能进一步扩大地域范围并出现严重的临床表现。
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