Pub Date : 2025-04-03DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107902
Olivier Nsekuye, Frederick Ntabana, Hugues Valois Mucunguzi, Ziad El-Khatib, Eric Remera, Lyndah Makayotto, Menelas Nkeshimana, David Turatsinze, Frederic Ntirenganya, Semakula Muhammed, Athanase Rukundo, Brian Chirombo, Richard Muvunyi, Claude Muvunyi, Pacifique Nizeyimana, Yvan Butera, Sabin Nsanzimana, Edson Rwagasore
Background: Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) poses a significant global health risk due to its high case fatality rates (24%-88%) and the diagnostic challenges posed by its non-specific early symptoms, which overlap with other febrile illnesses like malaria. This study analyzed symptom patterns from the 2024 MVD outbreak in Rwanda to refine case definitions and enhance early detection.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 6,613 suspected MVD cases (66 positive, 6,547 negative) reported between September 27 and December 20, 2024. Symptom prevalence and predictive value were assessed using multiple logistic regression models with L1 and L2 regularization to identify the most predictive symptoms. Models were validated using 5-fold cross-validation, with performance assessed through ROC analysis and standard accuracy metrics.
Results: Fever (78.8%), fatigue (63.6%), and headache (57.6%) were identified as the most common early symptoms, while hemorrhagic signs were rare (3.0%). The model achieved high accuracy (99.04%) and an AUC-ROC of 0.824, identifying fever, fatigue, nausea/vomiting, joint pain, and sore throat as key predictors.
Conclusion: Early symptom clusters, especially constitutional and gastrointestinal signs outperformed hemorrhagic symptoms for MVD detection. Findings challenge current case definitions, emphasizing the need for revised public health messaging and healthcare worker training. Integrating symptom-based models into surveillance could enhance detection, especially in resource-limited settings.
{"title":"Refining early detection of Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) in Rwanda: Leveraging predictive symptom clusters to enhance case definitions.","authors":"Olivier Nsekuye, Frederick Ntabana, Hugues Valois Mucunguzi, Ziad El-Khatib, Eric Remera, Lyndah Makayotto, Menelas Nkeshimana, David Turatsinze, Frederic Ntirenganya, Semakula Muhammed, Athanase Rukundo, Brian Chirombo, Richard Muvunyi, Claude Muvunyi, Pacifique Nizeyimana, Yvan Butera, Sabin Nsanzimana, Edson Rwagasore","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) poses a significant global health risk due to its high case fatality rates (24%-88%) and the diagnostic challenges posed by its non-specific early symptoms, which overlap with other febrile illnesses like malaria. This study analyzed symptom patterns from the 2024 MVD outbreak in Rwanda to refine case definitions and enhance early detection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted of 6,613 suspected MVD cases (66 positive, 6,547 negative) reported between September 27 and December 20, 2024. Symptom prevalence and predictive value were assessed using multiple logistic regression models with L1 and L2 regularization to identify the most predictive symptoms. Models were validated using 5-fold cross-validation, with performance assessed through ROC analysis and standard accuracy metrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fever (78.8%), fatigue (63.6%), and headache (57.6%) were identified as the most common early symptoms, while hemorrhagic signs were rare (3.0%). The model achieved high accuracy (99.04%) and an AUC-ROC of 0.824, identifying fever, fatigue, nausea/vomiting, joint pain, and sore throat as key predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early symptom clusters, especially constitutional and gastrointestinal signs outperformed hemorrhagic symptoms for MVD detection. Findings challenge current case definitions, emphasizing the need for revised public health messaging and healthcare worker training. Integrating symptom-based models into surveillance could enhance detection, especially in resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107902"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum), a normal gut bacterium in humans, is commonly used as a probiotic. We described a 26-day-old premature neonate who was diagnosed with probiotic-related C. butyricum meningitis. Upon the admission, suppurative meningitis was considered based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biochemical test and neuroimaging examination, and C. butyricum was subsequently identified by CSF metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Given the history of administrating living C. butyricum products before admission, probiotics-associated suppurative meningitis was considered a high possibility, leading to the confirmation of anti-infection treatment including vancomycin and meropenem. Following this therapy, the infant's CSF profiles demonstrated improvement. Additionally, further phylogenetic analysis confirmed the high homologous of C. butyricum from CSF with probiotics. This is the first report of C. butyricum infection in neonates, highlighting the importance for prudence in administrating probiotics for neonates, particularly in high-risk groups such as preterm infants, those with central venous catheters and intestinal diseases.
{"title":"A Neonate with Meningitis Caused by probiotic-related Clostridium butyricum.","authors":"Yanfang Jiang, Jiaxu Yang, Yong Liu, Ying Liu, Wenli Zhou, Bin Yang, Bingxue Hu, Hui Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum), a normal gut bacterium in humans, is commonly used as a probiotic. We described a 26-day-old premature neonate who was diagnosed with probiotic-related C. butyricum meningitis. Upon the admission, suppurative meningitis was considered based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biochemical test and neuroimaging examination, and C. butyricum was subsequently identified by CSF metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Given the history of administrating living C. butyricum products before admission, probiotics-associated suppurative meningitis was considered a high possibility, leading to the confirmation of anti-infection treatment including vancomycin and meropenem. Following this therapy, the infant's CSF profiles demonstrated improvement. Additionally, further phylogenetic analysis confirmed the high homologous of C. butyricum from CSF with probiotics. This is the first report of C. butyricum infection in neonates, highlighting the importance for prudence in administrating probiotics for neonates, particularly in high-risk groups such as preterm infants, those with central venous catheters and intestinal diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107900"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107897
Sophie Edouard , Rayane Attamna , Matthieu Million , Céline Boschi , Jeremy Delerce , Aurélia Caputo , Didier Stoupan , Seydina Diene , Idir Kacel , Claudia Andrieu , Anthony Levasseur , Hervé Chaudet , Jean-Marc Rolain , Lucile Lesage , Aurélie Morand , Pierre-Edouard Fournier , Jean-Christophe Lagier , Florence Fenollar , Bernard La Scola , Philippe Colson
Objectives
We detected in October 2024 an abnormally high number of Chlamydia pneumoniae diagnoses through real-time surveillance of infections in Southeastern France, which followed significant increases in Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Bordetella pertussis diagnoses. Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed C. pneumoniae quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results performed on respiratory samples collected between 2018 and 2024 in our center and described features of these infections.
Methods
C. pneumoniae qPCR was part from a multiplex syndromic panel or an in-house simplex qPCR assay. Next-generation sequencing was performed directly on available respiratory sample residues using Oxford Nanopore/Illumina technologies.
Results
We observed a 19-fold increase of C. pneumoniae qPCR positivity in 2024 vs 2018-2023. Five (0.02%) of 25,255 respiratory samples were positive during 2018-2022, five (0.12%) of 4294 in 2023, and 37 (0.64%) of 5795 in 2024 (21 during September to October). Cases were mostly in children, followed by young adults. The highest incidence was in children aged 11-15 years (eight of 1075, 0.7%) and 6-10 years (eight of 1669, 0.5%). We obtained four (near) full-length C. pneumoniae genomes. They were of serotype ST16 and those the most closely related with each other, apart from the six other ST16 genomes from GenBank, suggesting an epidemic spread in our area.
Conclusions
The present findings warrant a close monitoring of diagnoses of C. pneumoniae infections at the local and country scales and to implement genomic surveillance and characterize drug resistance for diagnosed cases.
{"title":"Significant rise of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in 2024 in Marseille, France","authors":"Sophie Edouard , Rayane Attamna , Matthieu Million , Céline Boschi , Jeremy Delerce , Aurélia Caputo , Didier Stoupan , Seydina Diene , Idir Kacel , Claudia Andrieu , Anthony Levasseur , Hervé Chaudet , Jean-Marc Rolain , Lucile Lesage , Aurélie Morand , Pierre-Edouard Fournier , Jean-Christophe Lagier , Florence Fenollar , Bernard La Scola , Philippe Colson","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We detected in October 2024 an abnormally high number of <em>Chlamydia pneumoniae</em> diagnoses through real-time surveillance of infections in Southeastern France, which followed significant increases in <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> and <em>Bordetella pertussis</em> diagnoses. Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed <em>C. pneumoniae</em> quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results performed on respiratory samples collected between 2018 and 2024 in our center and described features of these infections.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>C. pneumoniae</em> qPCR was part from a multiplex syndromic panel or an in-house simplex qPCR assay. Next-generation sequencing was performed directly on available respiratory sample residues using Oxford Nanopore/Illumina technologies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We observed a 19-fold increase of <em>C. pneumoniae</em> qPCR positivity in 2024 vs 2018-2023. Five (0.02%) of 25,255 respiratory samples were positive during 2018-2022, five (0.12%) of 4294 in 2023, and 37 (0.64%) of 5795 in 2024 (21 during September to October). Cases were mostly in children, followed by young adults. The highest incidence was in children aged 11-15 years (eight of 1075, 0.7%) and 6-10 years (eight of 1669, 0.5%). We obtained four (near) full-length <em>C. pneumoniae</em> genomes. They were of serotype ST16 and those the most closely related with each other, apart from the six other ST16 genomes from GenBank, suggesting an epidemic spread in our area.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The present findings warrant a close monitoring of diagnoses of <em>C. pneumoniae</em> infections at the local and country scales and to implement genomic surveillance and characterize drug resistance for diagnosed cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 107897"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-31DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107901
Evans Mpabalwani , Giuseppe Ippolito , Danny Asogun , Eleni Aklillu , Markus Maeurer , Shui Shan Lee , Alimuddin Zumla
{"title":"Global Resurgence of Measles: Turning the Tide through a Bold Agenda for Prevention and Control","authors":"Evans Mpabalwani , Giuseppe Ippolito , Danny Asogun , Eleni Aklillu , Markus Maeurer , Shui Shan Lee , Alimuddin Zumla","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107901","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 107901"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-29DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107896
Shisong Fang , Lin Zhu , Shaohui Bai , Weijian Tian , Yuanfei Pan , Shumiao Zhang , Rongjun Bi , Minqi Liang , Gengyan Luo , Xiaojing Chen , Minwu Peng , Hanlin Liu , Lu Xie , Runzi Zhang , Wudi Zhou , Shengze Zhang , Ting Xie , Haolu Zha , Chuming Luo , Xin Wang , Huanle Luo
Objectives
Following the lifting of COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions in China, respiratory infections surged, though the specific causes remained unclear. This study provided a comprehensive overview of the infectome in patients with acute febrile respiratory illness (AFRI) to inform disease surveillance.
Methods
Between March 2023 and February 2024, 1163 oropharyngeal swabs from AFRI patients and 338 from healthy individuals were collected in Shenzhen. Meta-transcriptomic sequencing was employed for microbial analysis.
Results
We identified 14 viruses and 10 bacteria species known to cause human disease. Influenza virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Streptococcus pneumoniae, and redondovirus were the most common, with a negative correlation between H3N2 and SARS-CoV-2. Notably, we detected certain enterovirus subtypes (e.g., Coxsackievirus A6 and Echovirus 30), previously overlooked pathogens (e.g., redondovirus), and rare pathogens like Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae. Comparisons revealed five pathogens showed significantly higher abundance in patients than in controls, despite no significant differences for others probably due to their limited number of positive pools. Seasonal shifts in microbial diversity and composition were observed, with climate factors like temperature and precipitation playing a role. Phylogenetic analysis revealed changes in genotype diversity and dominant pathogen lineages.
Conclusion
This study highlighted complex pathogen infections in AFRI patients following COVID-19 restrictions, demonstrating the value of meta-transcriptomics over PCR-based methods for more detailed pathogen surveillance.
{"title":"Year-round infectome profiling of acute febrile respiratory illness unveiled complex epidemiological dynamics postlifting of COVID-19 restrictions","authors":"Shisong Fang , Lin Zhu , Shaohui Bai , Weijian Tian , Yuanfei Pan , Shumiao Zhang , Rongjun Bi , Minqi Liang , Gengyan Luo , Xiaojing Chen , Minwu Peng , Hanlin Liu , Lu Xie , Runzi Zhang , Wudi Zhou , Shengze Zhang , Ting Xie , Haolu Zha , Chuming Luo , Xin Wang , Huanle Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Following the lifting of COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions in China, respiratory infections surged, though the specific causes remained unclear. This study provided a comprehensive overview of the infectome in patients with acute febrile respiratory illness (AFRI) to inform disease surveillance.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Between March 2023 and February 2024, 1163 oropharyngeal swabs from AFRI patients and 338 from healthy individuals were collected in Shenzhen. Meta-transcriptomic sequencing was employed for microbial analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 14 viruses and 10 bacteria species known to cause human disease. Influenza virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em>, and redondovirus were the most common, with a negative correlation between H3N2 and SARS-CoV-2. Notably, we detected certain enterovirus subtypes (e.g., Coxsackievirus A6 and Echovirus 30), previously overlooked pathogens (e.g., redondovirus), and rare pathogens like <em>Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae</em>. Comparisons revealed five pathogens showed significantly higher abundance in patients than in controls, despite no significant differences for others probably due to their limited number of positive pools. Seasonal shifts in microbial diversity and composition were observed, with climate factors like temperature and precipitation playing a role. Phylogenetic analysis revealed changes in genotype diversity and dominant pathogen lineages.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlighted complex pathogen infections in AFRI patients following COVID-19 restrictions, demonstrating the value of meta-transcriptomics over PCR-based methods for more detailed pathogen surveillance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 107896"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NAT2 polymorphisms affect isoniazid metabolism, but their effect on mortality among individuals with tuberculosis (TB) remains unclear.
Methods
This study used data from two TB cohorts (2005–2011, 2014–2020) and death certificate records in Thailand. Newly diagnosed Thai individuals treated with isoniazid-containing regimens were included. NAT2 genotypes—rapid, intermediate, and slow acetylator (RA, IA, SA)—were classified via haplotype inference. The primary outcome was 1-year all-cause mortality, while secondary outcomes included TB-related mortality, TB+respiratory disease-related mortality recorded in the vital registration system, and death as a TB treatment outcome. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) relative to the IA type were estimated using stratified Cox proportional hazards models. Subgroup analyses targeted individuals with isoniazid-resistant TB and HIV infection.
Results
A total of 1,065 individuals (766 males; mean age=51 years) were analyzed. Individuals with RA had a 1.70-fold greater all-cause mortality risk (95 % CI: 1.03–2.80) than IA. The aHRs for RA were 1.14 (0.43–3.03) for TB-related mortality, 1.59 (0.80–3.18) for TB+respiratory disease-related mortality, and 1.26 (0.67–2.37) for TB treatment outcome death. Among individuals with isoniazid-resistant TB, those with RA had a 4.68-fold (1.14–19.12) greater aHR for all-cause mortality.
Conclusion
The RA type is associated with increased 1-year all-cause mortality.
{"title":"One-year mortality of tuberculosis patients on isoniazid-based treatment and its association with rapid acetylator NAT2 genotypes","authors":"Ayu Kasamatsu , Reiko Miyahara , Daisuke Yoneoka , Licht Toyo-oka , Boonchai Chiyasirinroje , Worarat Imsanguan , Supharat Suvichapanich , Hideki Yanai , Sukanya Wattnapokayakit , Supalert Nedsuwan , Manon Boonbangyang , Prasit Palittapongarnpim , Katsushi Tokunaga , Taisei Mushiroda , Surakameth Mahasirimongkol","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>NAT2</em> polymorphisms affect isoniazid metabolism, but their effect on mortality among individuals with tuberculosis (TB) remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study used data from two TB cohorts (2005–2011, 2014–2020) and death certificate records in Thailand. Newly diagnosed Thai individuals treated with isoniazid-containing regimens were included. <em>NAT2</em> genotypes—rapid, intermediate, and slow acetylator (RA, IA, SA)—were classified via haplotype inference. The primary outcome was 1-year all-cause mortality, while secondary outcomes included TB-related mortality, TB+respiratory disease-related mortality recorded in the vital registration system, and death as a TB treatment outcome. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) relative to the IA type were estimated using stratified Cox proportional hazards models. Subgroup analyses targeted individuals with isoniazid-resistant TB and HIV infection.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1,065 individuals (766 males; mean age=51 years) were analyzed. Individuals with RA had a 1.70-fold greater all-cause mortality risk (95 % CI: 1.03–2.80) than IA. The aHRs for RA were 1.14 (0.43–3.03) for TB-related mortality, 1.59 (0.80–3.18) for TB+respiratory disease-related mortality, and 1.26 (0.67–2.37) for TB treatment outcome death. Among individuals with isoniazid-resistant TB, those with RA had a 4.68-fold (1.14–19.12) greater aHR for all-cause mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The RA type is associated with increased 1-year all-cause mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 107895"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107894
Ying Chen , Juanjuan Wu , Hui Tong , Di Xu , Cong Wei , Shi Chen , Li Chen , Chenghong Li , Shuang Liu , Fajiu Li
Background
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an uncommon etiological agent in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), typically associated with nosocomial or healthcare-associated infections, particularly in patients with underlying structural lung abnormalities or immunosuppression. P. aeruginosa is a ubiquitous gram-negative rod, widely distributed in the environment. However, CAP due to P. aeruginosa following soil ingestion is exceedingly rare.
Case presentation
We present the case of a previously healthy 31-year-old patient, a middle school teacher, who developed CAP due to P. aeruginosa after ingesting garden soil for three consecutive days. The patient was admitted with symptoms including fever, chest pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed two suspicious lesions in the left lower lobe, with one lesion exhibiting cavitation. Microbiological culture of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and stool confirmed the presence of P. aeruginosa infection. Subsequent antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that the P. aeruginosa isolate was pan-sensitive. Following 13 days of targeted antimicrobial therapy, the patient's symptoms and laboratory markers of infection improved significantly. A follow-up CT scan one month later demonstrated substantial resolution of the left lower lobe lesions, and the patient remained asymptomatic.
Conclusions
This case, along with a review of related literature, suggests that geophagy may be a potential risk factor for P. aeruginosa infection. It underscores the importance of avoiding the consumption of unprocessed soil, which may be contaminated with pathogenic organisms.
{"title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa community-acquired pneumonia following soil ingestion: A case report","authors":"Ying Chen , Juanjuan Wu , Hui Tong , Di Xu , Cong Wei , Shi Chen , Li Chen , Chenghong Li , Shuang Liu , Fajiu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (<em>P. aeruginosa)</em> is an uncommon etiological agent in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), typically associated with nosocomial or healthcare-associated infections, particularly in patients with underlying structural lung abnormalities or immunosuppression. <em>P. aeruginosa</em> is a ubiquitous gram-negative rod, widely distributed in the environment. However, CAP due to <em>P. aeruginosa</em> following soil ingestion is exceedingly rare.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>We present the case of a previously healthy 31-year-old patient, a middle school teacher, who developed CAP due to <em>P. aeruginosa</em> after ingesting garden soil for three consecutive days. The patient was admitted with symptoms including fever, chest pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed two suspicious lesions in the left lower lobe, with one lesion exhibiting cavitation. Microbiological culture of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and stool confirmed the presence of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> infection. Subsequent antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that the <em>P. aeruginosa</em> isolate was pan-sensitive. Following 13 days of targeted antimicrobial therapy, the patient's symptoms and laboratory markers of infection improved significantly. A follow-up CT scan one month later demonstrated substantial resolution of the left lower lobe lesions, and the patient remained asymptomatic.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This case, along with a review of related literature, suggests that geophagy may be a potential risk factor for <em>P. aeruginosa</em> infection. It underscores the importance of avoiding the consumption of unprocessed soil, which may be contaminated with pathogenic organisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 107894"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107893
Kari Syrjänen , Sanni Rinne , Nea Koskela , Birgitta Michels , Julia Butt , Seija Grénman , Tim Waterboer , Stina Syrjänen , Karolina Louvanto
Objectives
Transmission routes of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) have been extensively studied, but many aspects remain unclear. This study explored the dynamics of multiplex Hp serology within regular families during a 36-month prospective follow-up.
Methods
Altogether, 329 families from the Finnish Family HPV study were subjected to sequential blood sampling and now tested also for six Hp proteins, HP0010, HP0073, HP0547, HP0875, HP0887, and HP1564, using multiplex serology assay.
Results
Hp seropositivity, defined as being seropositive to at least three of the six Hp proteins, was more common among the fathers (20%) than mothers (10%). After maternal antibody decay, only a few children tested Hp-seropositive at later follow-up visits, indicating that acquisition of Hp infection is practically non-existent (0.4-2.0%) at an early age. No evidence was found to support the person-to-person transmission of Hp in this cohort because there was no correlation in Hp seropositivity or antibody levels between the spouses and/or their offspring, and individuals who were Hp-seropositive did not seem to increase the risk of other family members to co-test Hp-seropositive.
Conclusions
Our results perfectly agree with a recently published register-linkage study from Finland, where Hp and Hp-related co-morbidity are predicted to disappear among the native Finns during the 21st century.
{"title":"Helicobacter pylori multiplex serology and its dynamics within families during a 3-year prospective follow-up","authors":"Kari Syrjänen , Sanni Rinne , Nea Koskela , Birgitta Michels , Julia Butt , Seija Grénman , Tim Waterboer , Stina Syrjänen , Karolina Louvanto","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Transmission routes of <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (<em>Hp</em>) have been extensively studied, but many aspects remain unclear. This study explored the dynamics of multiplex <em>Hp</em> serology within regular families during a 36-month prospective follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Altogether, 329 families from the Finnish Family HPV study were subjected to sequential blood sampling and now tested also for six <em>Hp</em> proteins, HP0010, HP0073, HP0547, HP0875, HP0887, and HP1564, using multiplex serology assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>Hp</em> seropositivity, defined as being seropositive to at least three of the six <em>Hp</em> proteins, was more common among the fathers (20%) than mothers (10%). After maternal antibody decay, only a few children tested <em>Hp</em>-seropositive at later follow-up visits, indicating that acquisition of <em>Hp</em> infection is practically non-existent (0.4-2.0%) at an early age. No evidence was found to support the person-to-person transmission of <em>Hp</em> in this cohort because there was no correlation in <em>Hp</em> seropositivity or antibody levels between the spouses and/or their offspring, and individuals who were <em>Hp</em>-seropositive did not seem to increase the risk of other family members to co-test <em>Hp</em>-seropositive.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results perfectly agree with a recently published register-linkage study from Finland, where <em>Hp</em> and <em>Hp</em>-related co-morbidity are predicted to disappear among the native Finns during the 21<sup>st</sup> century.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 107893"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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