Integrated Cardiorespiratory Rehabilitation and Its Impact on Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Profile After Cardiac Surgery.

IF 5 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Nutrients Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI:10.3390/nu16213699

Stefanie Marek-Iannucci, Alberto Palazzuoli, Matteo Babarto, Zlatan Lazarevic, Matteo Beltrami, Francesco Fedele

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Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are common causes of morbidity and mortality. However, the impact of changes in lifestyle and rehabilitation programs on the progression of cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic (CRM) conditions, remains unclear.

Methods: In a retrospective manner, we analyzed charts of 200 patients admitted for cardiorespiratory rehabilitation at our facility in 2023. A 6 min walk test, echocardiographic features, and laboratory values were investigated to evaluate the impact of cardiorespiratory rehabilitation in patients post cardiac surgery. This study examined the impact of combined lifestyle and exercise scores (diet, alcohol consumption, smoking, aerobic physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep duration, and social connection) on cardio-renal-metabolic profiles and on a quality-of-life score measured by the Borg Scale.

Results: During the rehabilitation program, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) significantly increased (51.2 vs. 54.3%, SEM 0.51 p = 0.001). The six-minute walk test (6 MWT) significantly improved in terms of meters (133 vs. 373 m, SEM 6.41, p < 0.001) and Borg scale (6.6 vs. 2.5, SEM 0.06, p < 0.001). Glycemia levels reduced significantly (114.5± vs. 107.4± mg/dL, SEM 2.45, p = 0.001). While total cholesterol levels (119.4 vs. 129.6 mg/dL, SEM 2.4, p < 0.001) as well as HDL levels (29.9 vs. 40 mg/dL, SEM 0.62, p < 0.001) significantly increased, triglyceride levels significantly decreased (128.5 vs. 122.1 mg/dL, SEM 3.8, p = 0.048). There was no change in LDL levels. Creatinine levels remained stable throughout the period of rehabilitation.

Conclusions: Cardiorespiratory rehabilitation has a significant impact on myocardial function, quality of life in terms of exercise capacity and symptoms (6 MWT) as well as laboratory levels relevant for cardiovascular prevention such as glycemia and lipid profile.

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心肺综合康复及其对心脏手术后心肺代谢情况的影响

背景：心血管疾病（CVDs）和慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）是发病和死亡的常见原因。然而，生活方式的改变和康复计划对心血管、肾脏和代谢（CRM）疾病进展的影响仍不清楚：我们以回顾性的方式分析了 2023 年在本机构接受心肺康复治疗的 200 名患者的病历。我们对 6 分钟步行测试、超声心动图特征和实验室数值进行了调查，以评估心肺康复对心脏手术后患者的影响。该研究考察了生活方式和运动综合评分（饮食、饮酒、吸烟、有氧运动、久坐不动、睡眠时间和社会关系）对心肾代谢情况和博格量表生活质量评分的影响：在康复计划期间，左心室射血分数（LVEF）明显增加（51.2% 对 54.3%，SEM 0.51 p = 0.001）。六分钟步行测试（6 MWT）的米数（133 米对 373 米，SEM 6.41，P < 0.001）和博格量表（6.6 对 2.5，SEM 0.06，P < 0.001）均有明显改善。血糖水平明显降低（114.5± vs. 107.4± mg/dL，SEM 2.45，P = 0.001）。虽然总胆固醇水平（119.4 vs. 129.6 mg/dL，SEM 2.4，p < 0.001）和高密度脂蛋白水平（29.9 vs. 40 mg/dL，SEM 0.62，p < 0.001）显著上升，但甘油三酯水平显著下降（128.5 vs. 122.1 mg/dL，SEM 3.8，p = 0.048）。低密度脂蛋白水平没有变化。肌酐水平在整个康复期间保持稳定：心肺康复对心肌功能、运动能力和症状方面的生活质量（6 MWT）以及与心血管预防相关的实验室指标（如血糖和血脂）都有显著影响。

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来源期刊

Nutrients NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

9.20

自引率

15.30%

发文量

4599

审稿时长

16.74 days

期刊介绍： Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643) is an international, peer-reviewed open access advanced forum for studies related to Human Nutrition. It publishes reviews, regular research papers and short communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.