Religiously Integrated Forgiveness Therapy: A Psychotherapeutic Tool for Depression and Pain Among Pakistani Patients with Chronic Widespread Pain.

Abstract

Individuals experiencing chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain (CWP) frequently have comorbid depression. The presence of depression and pain-related outcomes in these patients are found to be positively correlated with inability to forgive or let go of interpersonal hurts and maltreatments. So for these patients, the current study aimed to apply a religiously integrated forgiveness intervention and to find out its efficacy in lessening depression and pain. The first part of research consisted of developing a religiously integrated forgiveness intervention by incorporating Islamic principles in Enright's process model of forgiveness. The other half was a randomized-control design where Depression Subscale of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale Urdu version as reported by Zafar (Urdu translations of the DASS, 2014) and Heartland Forgiveness Scale Urdu version (Butt in Interdiscip J Contemp Res Bus 4:769-792, 2012) were applied on a total of 272 adults (122 male and 150 female). After screening, 60 individuals (18 males and 39 females) were selected on the basis of high and low score on depression and forgiveness scales, respectively. Their ages ranged from 26 to 45 years. Selected individuals were randomly assigned to be a part of either treatment or control group. Religiously integrated forgiveness therapy (RIFT) was applied on 30 individuals in comparison to the 30 participants from control group. Results indicated that in comparison with control group, from pretest to posttest participants in forgiveness intervention group scored lower on depression as well as pain and scored higher on forgiveness (p > .001). It was found that the religiously integrated model of forgiveness therapy was efficacious in enhancing forgiveness and in reducing depression among individuals with chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain.