Jessica L Bezek, Scott Tillem, Gabriela L Suarez, S Alexandra Burt, Alexandra Y Vazquez, Cleanthis Michael, Chandra Sripada, Kelly L Kump, Luke W Hyde
{"title":"Functional brain network organization and multidomain resilience to neighborhood disadvantage in youth.","authors":"Jessica L Bezek, Scott Tillem, Gabriela L Suarez, S Alexandra Burt, Alexandra Y Vazquez, Cleanthis Michael, Chandra Sripada, Kelly L Kump, Luke W Hyde","doi":"10.1037/amp0001279","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Though youth living in disadvantaged neighborhoods experience greater risk for poor behavioral and mental health outcomes, many go on to show resilience in the face of adversity. A few recent studies have identified neural markers of resilience in cognitive and affective brain networks, yet the broader network organization supporting resilience in youth remains unknown, particularly in relation to neighborhood disadvantage. Moreover, most studies have defined resilience as the absence of psychopathology, which does not consider growing evidence that resilience also includes positive outcomes across multiple domains (e.g., social, academic). We examined associations between brain network organization and multiple resilience domains in a sample of 708 twins (7-19 years old) recruited from neighborhoods with above-average poverty levels. Graph analysis on functional connectivity data from resting-state and task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to characterize features of intrinsic whole-brain and network-level organization, from which we explored associations with resilience in three domains: psychological, social, and academic. Fewer connections between a brain network involved in self-referential processing (i.e., default mode network) and the subcortical system were associated with greater social resilience. Further, greater whole-brain functional integration (i.e., efficiency) was associated with better psychological resilience among youth with relatively lower levels of cumulative adversity exposure. Alternatively, lower whole-brain efficiency and higher whole-brain robustness to disruption (i.e., assortativity) were associated with greater psychological and social resilience among youth with relatively higher levels of cumulative adversity. These findings advance support for multidimensional resilience models and reveal distinct neural mechanisms supporting resilience to neighborhood disadvantage across specific domains in youth. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":"79 8","pages":"1123-1138"},"PeriodicalIF":12.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566903/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American Psychologist","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0001279","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Though youth living in disadvantaged neighborhoods experience greater risk for poor behavioral and mental health outcomes, many go on to show resilience in the face of adversity. A few recent studies have identified neural markers of resilience in cognitive and affective brain networks, yet the broader network organization supporting resilience in youth remains unknown, particularly in relation to neighborhood disadvantage. Moreover, most studies have defined resilience as the absence of psychopathology, which does not consider growing evidence that resilience also includes positive outcomes across multiple domains (e.g., social, academic). We examined associations between brain network organization and multiple resilience domains in a sample of 708 twins (7-19 years old) recruited from neighborhoods with above-average poverty levels. Graph analysis on functional connectivity data from resting-state and task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to characterize features of intrinsic whole-brain and network-level organization, from which we explored associations with resilience in three domains: psychological, social, and academic. Fewer connections between a brain network involved in self-referential processing (i.e., default mode network) and the subcortical system were associated with greater social resilience. Further, greater whole-brain functional integration (i.e., efficiency) was associated with better psychological resilience among youth with relatively lower levels of cumulative adversity exposure. Alternatively, lower whole-brain efficiency and higher whole-brain robustness to disruption (i.e., assortativity) were associated with greater psychological and social resilience among youth with relatively higher levels of cumulative adversity. These findings advance support for multidimensional resilience models and reveal distinct neural mechanisms supporting resilience to neighborhood disadvantage across specific domains in youth. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
期刊介绍:
Established in 1946, American Psychologist® is the flagship peer-reviewed scholarly journal of the American Psychological Association. It publishes high-impact papers of broad interest, including empirical reports, meta-analyses, and scholarly reviews, covering psychological science, practice, education, and policy. Articles often address issues of national and international significance within the field of psychology and its relationship to society. Published in an accessible style, contributions in American Psychologist are designed to be understood by both psychologists and the general public.