Effectiveness of digital screening and brief intervention for alcohol misuse among college students: A state-wide cluster randomized trial from India.

Abstract

Background: Alcohol misuse is prevalent among college students globally, including in India. Digital screening and brief interventions (DSBI) promise to address this issue. This study assesses DSBI's effectiveness in a state-wide cluster randomized trial among college students in India.

Methods: We recruited 548 participants (274 in each DSBI and digital screening and brief advice-DSBA) from 40 colleges across 10 districts of Punjab, India. Colleges were selected via two-stage cluster random sampling and were allocated to groups using permuted block randomization. Participants with Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) scores between 8 and 19 were included. The digital platform directed eligible participants to their respective groups. DSBI participants received information on alcohol harms, normative and personalized feedback, a decisional balance checklist, and a menu of options. DSBA participants received screening and alcohol harm information. Follow-ups were conducted at 3- and 6-month post-intervention.

Primary outcome: reduction in AUDIT scores; secondary outcomes: frequency of drinking, drinks per drinking day, and frequency of heavy episodic drinking (HED).

Results: Baseline demographics and clinical variables did not significantly differ between groups, except for participants' age. 37.6% were women. Follow-up rates were 513/548 at 3 months and 483/548 at 6 months, with no group differences in attrition. AUDIT scores significantly decreased in both groups at 3 and 6 months (Time F = 1870.11, p < 0.001, partial η² = 0.77), with no Group × Time effects (F = 0.160, p = 0.85). Drinking frequency, HED frequency, and drinks per drinking day decreased significantly in both groups without between-group differences.

Conclusion: The study highlights the potential policy implications of integrating brief digital interventions for alcohol misuse into educational health initiatives.