Jan Lauwereyns, Jeffrey Bajramovic, Bettina Bert, Samuel Camenzind, Joery De Kock, Alisa Elezović, Sevilay Erden, Fernando Gonzalez-Uarquin, Yesim Isil Ulman, Orsolya Ivett Hoffmann, Maria Kitsara, Nikolaos Kostomitsopoulos, Winfried Neuhaus, Benoit Petit-Demouliere, Simone Pollo, Brígida Riso, Sophie Schober, Athanassia Sotiropoulos, Aurélie Thomas, Augusto Vitale, Doris Wilflingseder, Arti Ahluwalia
{"title":"Toward a common interpretation of the 3Rs principles in animal research","authors":"Jan Lauwereyns, Jeffrey Bajramovic, Bettina Bert, Samuel Camenzind, Joery De Kock, Alisa Elezović, Sevilay Erden, Fernando Gonzalez-Uarquin, Yesim Isil Ulman, Orsolya Ivett Hoffmann, Maria Kitsara, Nikolaos Kostomitsopoulos, Winfried Neuhaus, Benoit Petit-Demouliere, Simone Pollo, Brígida Riso, Sophie Schober, Athanassia Sotiropoulos, Aurélie Thomas, Augusto Vitale, Doris Wilflingseder, Arti Ahluwalia","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01476-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Many scientific breakthroughs have depended on animal research, yet the ethical concerns surrounding the use of animals in experimentation have long prompted discussions about humane treatment and responsible scientific practice. First articulated by Russell and Burch, the 3Rs Principles of Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement have gained widespread recognition as basic guidelines for animal research. Over time, the 3Rs have transcended the research community, influencing policy decisions, animal welfare advocacy and public perception of animal experimentation. Despite their broad acceptance, interpretations of the 3Rs vary substantially, shaping statutory frameworks at various levels, with both technical and practical impacts.","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Lab Animal","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41684-024-01476-2","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Many scientific breakthroughs have depended on animal research, yet the ethical concerns surrounding the use of animals in experimentation have long prompted discussions about humane treatment and responsible scientific practice. First articulated by Russell and Burch, the 3Rs Principles of Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement have gained widespread recognition as basic guidelines for animal research. Over time, the 3Rs have transcended the research community, influencing policy decisions, animal welfare advocacy and public perception of animal experimentation. Despite their broad acceptance, interpretations of the 3Rs vary substantially, shaping statutory frameworks at various levels, with both technical and practical impacts.
期刊介绍：
LabAnimal is a Nature Research journal dedicated to in vivo science and technology that improves our basic understanding and use of model organisms of human health and disease. In addition to basic research, methods and technologies, LabAnimal also covers important news, business and regulatory matters that impact the development and application of model organisms for preclinical research.
LabAnimal's focus is on innovative in vivo methods, research and technology covering a wide range of model organisms. Our broad scope ensures that the work we publish reaches the widest possible audience. LabAnimal provides a rigorous and fair peer review of manuscripts, high standards for copyediting and production, and efficient publication.
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