Using an Instructional Package to Support Adults with Autism in Communicating with a Medical Provider.

Abstract

Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience co-occurring physical and mental health challenges throughout their lives. At the same time, they frequently face many barriers to accessing proper care. Strategies to improve communication and understanding can help to mitigate some of these barriers. This study examined the effects of an instructional package, including a video module accompanied by guided notes, the Autism Healthcare Accommodations Tool (AHAT), and behavior skills training (BST) to teach adults with autism to communicate their unique needs and request accommodations to a medical provider. Three participants independently completed a self-guided video module that modeled how to complete the guided notes and AHAT to identify appropriate accommodations and prepare for a doctor's appointment. Once finished, participants were taught to verbalize their needs and accommodations through BST. Results showed that participants' communication skills increased after introducing the instructional package, generalized to a novel provider and maintained once the instructional package was removed. This intervention proved to be an effective and socially valid method to improve communication for adults with autism in medical settings. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.