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Brief Report: Differential Persistence of Primary Reflexes for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Replication. 简要报告:自闭症谱系障碍儿童初级反射的持续性差异:系统复制。
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-12-23 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05880-w
Olive Healy, Elaine Reilly, Joanna Davies, Victoria Lovett, Phil Reed

Primary reflexes are highly stereotypical, automatic movements comprising much of the motor repertoire of newborns. The current study examined rates of presence of five primary reflexes (snout, visual rooting, sucking, tactile rooting, and grasp) and variables predictive of their persistence for children with ASD (n = 35), developmental disability (n = 30), and typically developing children matched to participants with ASD on chronological age (n = 30). There was a higher prevalence of snout and visual rooting reflex among children with ASD. These data suggest that the persistence of primary reflexes holds promise as a biomarker for autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

原始反射是高度定型化的自动动作,占新生儿运动能力的大部分。本研究调查了患有自闭症的儿童(35 人)、发育障碍儿童(30 人)以及与患有自闭症的儿童年龄相匹配的发育正常儿童(30 人)的五种原始反射(鼻孔反射、视觉扎根反射、吸吮反射、触觉扎根反射和抓握反射)的出现率以及预测其持续性的变量。在患有 ASD 的儿童中,鼻根反射和视觉根反射的发生率较高。这些数据表明,原始反射的持续性有望成为自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的生物标志物。
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引用次数: 0
Perception and Production of Pitch Information in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. 讲普通话的自闭症谱系障碍儿童对音高信息的感知和生成。
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06601-1
Wen Ma, Xuequn Dai, Hao Zhang

This study investigated the categorical perception (CP) of linguistic pitch (lexical tones) and nonlinguistic pitch (pure tones), as well as tonal production in Mandarin-speaking children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). A total of 26 Mandarin-speaking children with ASD and 29 age-matched typically developing (TD) children were recruited for this study. The Mandarin T2-T3 contrast and corresponding pure tones with identical pitch contours were adopted to assess the nuanced pitch processing abilities of the child participants via the CP paradigm. Accordingly, tonal production was focused on T2 and T3 with analyses of the dynamic pitch contours and tonal differentiation. Mandarin-speaking children with ASD exhibited atypical CP for linguistic pitch in comparison with their TD peers. However, the categorization of linguistic pitch exceeded that of nonlinguistic pitch among the ASD participants, indicating a global over local processing pattern contrary to autistic individuals in non-tonal languages. Additionally, despite atypical pitch contours in producing T2 and T3, the ASD group showed comparable differentiable degrees of the two tones in production to the TD group. Findings of this study served as a foray into contesting current theories' claims of local bias and/or global impairment in the autistic population, prompting further inspections on individuals with different language backgrounds and stimuli processing with various complexities. Additionally, findings of this study underscore the necessity of developing tailored assessments and interventions to enhance the perception and production of complex and confusable tones, thereby improving perceptual robustness and communication skills in Mandarin-speaking children with ASD.

本研究调查了讲普通话的自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童对语言音高(词性音调)和非语言音高(纯音)的分类感知(CP),以及音调的产生。本研究共招募了 26 名说普通话的自闭症谱系障碍儿童和 29 名年龄匹配的典型发育(TD)儿童。采用普通话 T2-T3 对比和具有相同音高轮廓的相应纯音,通过 CP 范式评估儿童参与者的细微音高处理能力。因此,音调产生主要集中在 T2 和 T3,并对动态音高轮廓和音调区分进行分析。与 TD 儿童相比,讲普通话的 ASD 儿童在语言音高方面表现出不典型的 CP。然而,ASD 参与者对语言音高的分类超过了对非语言音高的分类,这表明在非音调语言中,与自闭症患者相反,他们的处理模式是整体大于局部。此外,尽管 ASD 组在发出 T2 和 T3 时的音调轮廓不典型,但他们在发出这两个音调时的差异程度与 TD 组相当。本研究的结果是对目前自闭症患者局部偏差和/或整体障碍理论的一个质疑,促使我们对不同语言背景和不同复杂刺激处理的个体进行进一步研究。此外,本研究的结果还强调,有必要制定有针对性的评估和干预措施,以提高自闭症儿童对复杂和易混淆音调的感知和制作能力,从而改善普通话儿童的感知稳健性和沟通技能。
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引用次数: 0
Correction: Community Provider Perspectives on an Autism Learning Health Network: A Qualitative Study. 更正:社区服务提供者对自闭症学习健康网络的看法:定性研究。
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06646-2
Josie Kearney, Catherine Bosyj, Victoria Rombos, Alicia Brewer Curran, Brenda Clark, Wendy Cornell, Shannon Mah, Melissa Mahurin, Nicholas Piroddi, Kristin Sohl, Lonnie Zwaigenbaum, Melanie Penner
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引用次数: 0
Social Anxiety Reduces Visual Attention to the Eyes of Emotional Faces in Autistic Youth. 社交焦虑会降低自闭症青少年对情感面孔眼睛的视觉注意力。
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06636-4
Cassandra J Franke, Jason W Griffin, Adam J Naples, Julie M Wolf, James C McPartland

Autism and social anxiety (SA) share behavioral features like reduced eye contact, variable social attention, and differences in social interactions. However, the impact of the co-occurrence of these conditions (e.g., autism with co-occurring SA) on social attention remains unknown. Therefore, we evaluated whether the degree of SA characteristics in autistic youth modulated (e.g., amplified or lessened) a core hallmark feature of autism: social attention, or looking at faces. Fifty-four autistic and 35 non-autistic children and adolescents completed a gaze-contingent eye-tracking (ET) paradigm, in which faces dynamically expressed happy or fearful expressions contingent on participant eye contact. SA characteristics were assessed via standardized self- and parent-report measures. Social attention was measured by calculating the average percent looking time at the face and eye regions of each emotional expression. Autistic participants looked less at faces than non-autistic participants, and higher self-report SA was associated with less looking at eyes in both autistic and non-autistic participants. SA features affect social attention similarly in autistic and non-autistic youth, highlighting the importance of considering co-occurring psychiatric characteristics when assessing social attention and eye contact in autistic individuals.

自闭症和社交焦虑(SA)具有共同的行为特征,如眼神接触减少、社交注意力不稳定以及社交互动差异。然而,这些情况(如自闭症同时伴有社交焦虑)对社交注意力的影响仍然未知。因此,我们评估了自闭症青少年的自闭症特征程度是否会调节(例如,放大或缩小)自闭症的核心标志特征:社交注意力或看脸。54 名自闭症儿童和青少年以及 35 名非自闭症儿童和青少年完成了凝视条件下的眼动追踪(ET)范例,在该范例中,面孔会根据参与者的目光接触动态地表现出快乐或恐惧的表情。自闭症特征通过标准化的自我报告和家长报告进行评估。社交注意力的测量方法是计算每种情绪表达的面部和眼部区域的平均注视时间百分比。与非自闭症参与者相比,自闭症参与者看脸部的时间较少,自闭症和非自闭症参与者自我报告的自闭症程度越高,看眼睛的时间越少。自闭症青少年和非自闭症青少年的自闭症特征对社交注意力的影响相似,这凸显了在评估自闭症患者的社交注意力和目光接触时考虑并发精神病特征的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Determinants of Positive Evolution of Symptoms in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) during the COVID-19 Lockdown in the Democratic Republic of Congo. (DRC). 刚果民主共和国 COVID-19 封锁期间自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童症状积极发展的决定因素。(刚果民主共和国)。
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06621-x
Davin Mbeya Mpaka, Luck Lukusa, Sifa Marie Joelle Muchanga, Annick Vogels, Ally Omba Ndjukendi, Arsene Bukama Mutonji, Dorah Lwanzo Kavira, Julienne Managa Nzuzi, Thierry Matonda-Ma-Nzuzi, Samuel Ma-Miezi Mampunza, Joachim Ebwel Mukau

Lockdown imposed by the COVID 19 pandemic increased the time families spent together at home. A negative impact of the lock-down on children with autism has been reported. Few studies described the positive impact of parents' presence on the severity of their children's autism symptoms during lockdown. To describe the positive impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the evolution of Children' Symptoms with autism and parents' emotional status and to determine which variables had a positive or negative impact on the severity of autism features in Kinshasa. From April 15 to July 15, 2020, we analyzed the evolution of core symptoms of 68 children with autism and correlated these findings with the presence of a parent at home during lockdown. We performed multivariate logistic regression to assess the factors associated to autism symptoms improvement after adjustment by sex, age at ASD diagnosis, education, parent occupation, child's occupancy time, presence of parent's depression, and presence of comorbidities and core symptoms in children. Parents reported ASD symptom improvement in 42.6% of children. Factors positively associate with ASD symptoms improvement were presence of a parent for more than 8 h per day, improvement of social communication and autonomy. In contrast, severe to moderate depression in parents and presence of main comorbidities in children were associated with more severe autistic symptoms in their children. The presence of a parent at home, improved child communication and autonomy improved autism symptoms. On the other hand, parental depression and comorbidities in children with ASD aggravated the symptoms during lockdown in Kinshasa/DRC. These findings emphasize the importance of the physical presence of parents as well as the length of time they spend with their children with ASD. In addition, they show that depressive feelings in parents and comorbidities in ASD have a negative impact in the severity of their symptoms during lockdown.

因 COVID 19 大流行而实施的封锁增加了家人在家团聚的时间。据报道,封锁对患有自闭症的儿童产生了负面影响。很少有研究描述在封锁期间父母的陪伴对儿童自闭症症状严重程度的积极影响。旨在描述 COVID-19 封锁对金沙萨儿童自闭症症状的演变和父母情绪状态的积极影响,并确定哪些变量对自闭症特征的严重程度有积极或消极影响。从 2020 年 4 月 15 日到 7 月 15 日,我们分析了 68 名自闭症儿童核心症状的演变情况,并将这些结果与封锁期间父母是否在家相关联。我们进行了多变量逻辑回归,以评估与自闭症症状改善相关的因素,这些因素已根据性别、诊断为自闭症时的年龄、教育程度、父母职业、儿童入住时间、父母是否患有抑郁症以及儿童是否存在合并症和核心症状等因素进行了调整。42.6%的儿童的家长表示其自闭症症状有所改善。与 ASD 症状改善呈正相关的因素包括:父母每天陪伴超过 8 小时、社交沟通和自主性得到改善。相比之下,父母患有重度至中度抑郁症以及儿童患有主要并发症与儿童更严重的自闭症症状有关。家中有父母陪伴、儿童沟通和自主性得到改善,自闭症症状就会得到改善。另一方面,父母抑郁和患有自闭症儿童的合并症会加重金沙萨/刚果民主共和国封锁期间的症状。这些研究结果表明,父母的亲身参与以及他们与患有自闭症的儿童在一起的时间长短非常重要。此外,研究还表明,父母的抑郁情绪和患有自闭症的儿童的合并症对他们在封锁期间的症状严重程度有负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Reinvigorating the Promise of the National Database for Autism Research (NDAR) to Advance Autism Knowledge. 重振自闭症研究国家数据库 (NDAR) 的承诺,促进自闭症知识的发展。
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06641-7
Michelle L Stransky, Laneva Cobb, Nina Menon, Emily Barnard, Cynthia Belfleur, Lawrence Scahill, Jocelyn Kuhn

The National Institute of Mental Health created the National Database for Autism Research (NDAR) to accelerate autism knowledge through data sharing and collaboration. However, our experience using NDAR reveals systematic challenges across several aspects of data submission, selection, management, and analysis that limit utility of this resource. We describe our NDAR experience in an ongoing project examining autism intervention outcomes among marginalized racial, ethnic, and gender groups. For this study, we planned to gather data from NDAR to conduct an individual participant data meta-analysis. Eighteen studies met inclusion criteria and reported data on participants at more than one point in time on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (Vineland) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). The difficulties with submitting, selecting, downloading, and managing data from NDAR posed limitations on data availability and analysis. Of the 3,850 unique participants in the selected studies, data at multiple time points were available for 312 participants on the Vineland and 278 on the ADOS. No participants had data on all assessment domains. To accelerate autism research via data sharing and collaboration with NDAR necessitates improving the processes for submitting, selecting, and managing data.

美国国家心理健康研究所创建了国家自闭症研究数据库(NDAR),旨在通过数据共享与合作加速自闭症知识的普及。然而,我们使用 NDAR 的经验表明,在数据提交、选择、管理和分析等多个方面存在系统性挑战,限制了这一资源的效用。我们介绍了我们在一个正在进行的项目中使用 NDAR 的经验,该项目研究边缘化种族、民族和性别群体的自闭症干预结果。在这项研究中,我们计划从 NDAR 中收集数据,以进行个体参与者数据荟萃分析。有 18 项研究符合纳入标准,并报告了维尼兰适应行为量表(Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales,Vineland)和自闭症诊断观察表(ADOS)上不止一个时间点的参与者数据。从 NDAR 中提交、选择、下载和管理数据的困难限制了数据的可用性和分析。在所选研究的 3,850 名参与者中,有 312 名参与者的维尼兰(Vineland)和 278 名参与者的自闭症诊断观察表(ADOS)的多个时间点数据可用。没有参与者拥有所有评估领域的数据。要通过数据共享和与 NDAR 的合作来加速自闭症研究,就必须改进数据提交、选择和管理的流程。
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引用次数: 0
Alexithymia, Inner Thinking Patterns, and Perceptions of Mental Health Therapy Strategies Among Autistic Adults. 自闭症成人的亚历山大症、内在思维模式以及对心理健康治疗策略的看法。
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06643-5
Micah O Mazurek, Jessica Pappagianopoulos, Sophie Brunt, Michelle Menezes, Jessica V Smith, Mya Howard

Purpose: Autistic adults are at high risk for mental health challenges, yet there has been limited research on mental health interventions for this population. Individual differences in how thoughts and emotions are perceived may directly relate to the success of specific therapy strategies. This study examined whether alexithymia and inner thinking patterns relate to helpfulness and ease of use of mental health therapy strategies among autistic adults.

Method: Participants (n = 269 autistic adults, ages 21-77) completed questionnaires assessing alexithymia, inner thinking patterns (i.e., self-talk, verbal thinking, visual thinking), and experiences with mental health therapy strategies. Ordinal logistic regressions were used to examine associations between alexithymia, inner thinking, and perceived helpfulness and ease of use of therapy strategies.

Results: Autistic adults with greater alexithymia found cognitive strategies more difficult to use, while those with greater frequency of self-talk found them easier to use. By contrast, autistic adults with greater visual thinking found guided imagery strategies easier to use. There were no associations between alexithymia or inner thinking and perceived helpfulness or ease of use of behavioral strategies (exposure, behavioral activation), mind-body relaxation strategies (deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation), or mindfulness meditation.

Conclusions: The findings suggest that some mental health strategies may be more difficult to implement for some autistic adults, depending on individual thinking profiles. However, alexithymia and inner thinking patterns were unrelated to the perceived helpfulness of mental health strategies. Overall, this highlights the importance of providing individualized supports and accommodations to optimize mental health therapy for autistic adults.

目的:成人自闭症患者面临心理健康挑战的风险很高,但针对这一人群的心理健康干预研究却很有限。在如何看待思想和情绪方面的个体差异可能直接关系到特定治疗策略的成功与否。本研究探讨了自闭症和内在思维模式是否与自闭症成人心理健康治疗策略的有用性和易用性有关:参与者(n = 269 名自闭症成年人,年龄在 21-77 岁之间)填写了调查问卷,评估了自闭症、内在思维模式(即自言自语、语言思维、视觉思维)以及心理健康治疗策略的经验。我们使用正序逻辑回归法研究了自闭症、内心思维、治疗策略的有用性和易用性之间的关联:结果:自闭症程度较高的成人认为认知策略更难使用,而自言自语频率较高的成人则认为这些策略更容易使用。相比之下,视觉思维较强的成年自闭症患者更容易使用引导想象策略。自闭症或内在思维与行为策略(暴露、行为激活)、身心放松策略(深呼吸、渐进式肌肉放松)或正念冥想的有用性或易用性之间没有关联:研究结果表明,某些心理健康策略对于某些自闭症成人来说可能更难实施,这取决于个人的思维特征。然而,自闭症和内在思维模式与心理健康策略的帮助感知无关。总之,这凸显了为自闭症成人提供个性化支持和调整以优化心理健康治疗的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
College Students Recognize Characteristics of Autism, but Struggle to Differentiate Between Characteristics of Autism and Other Disabilities. 大学生认识到自闭症的特征,但难以区分自闭症和其他残疾的特征。
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06631-9
Camilla M McMahon

The current study evaluates whether college students can identify characteristics of autism as diagnostic for autism, and characteristics of other disabilities as not diagnostic for autism. This study also examines metacognitive awareness of autism knowledge, evaluating whether college students can accurately calibrate their confidence in their beliefs about autistic characteristics. 283 college students completed the Autism Symptomatology Knowledge Assessment (McMahon et al. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders 71:101499, 2020). In this assessment, participants were presented with characteristics of autism and other disabilities and asked to identify which characteristics could be used to diagnose someone with autism. For each characteristic, participants indicated how certain they were in their response. Participants more accurately categorized characteristics of autism, particularly social interaction and communication challenges, as being consistent with an autism diagnosis. Participants had more difficulty identifying that characteristics of other disabilities, especially anxiety, ADHD, and learning disabilities, were not diagnostic for autism. For autistic characteristics, participants' confidence and accuracy were positively correlated, such that participants who responded accurately were more confident in their response than those who responded inaccurately. For other disability characteristics, confidence and accuracy were typically not correlated or inversely correlated, indicating poor metacognitive awareness. College students confuse autism with other disabilities, which may have important implications in real-world contexts. Furthermore, individuals with poor metacognitive awareness of their autism knowledge may not realize that they are confusing autism with other disabilities, such that they may not seek out additional corrective information about autism.

本研究评估了大学生是否能够识别自闭症的诊断特征以及其他残疾的诊断特征。本研究还考察了大学生对自闭症知识的元认知意识,评估他们能否准确地校准自己对自闭症特征信念的信心。283 名大学生完成了自闭症症状知识评估(McMahon 等,《自闭症谱系障碍研究》,71:101499,2020 年)。在这项评估中,参与者被展示了自闭症和其他残疾的特征,并被要求确定哪些特征可用于诊断自闭症患者。对于每种特征,参与者都要指出他们的回答有多肯定。参与者更准确地将自闭症的特征,尤其是社交互动和沟通障碍,归类为符合自闭症诊断的特征。对于其他残疾的特征,尤其是焦虑、多动症和学习障碍,参加者较难确定这些特征不能诊断为自闭症。对于自闭症特征,参与者的自信心和准确性呈正相关,即准确回答的参与者比回答不准确的参与者更自信。就其他残疾特征而言,自信心和准确性通常不相关或呈反比,这表明元认知意识较差。大学生将自闭症与其他残疾混为一谈,这在现实世界中可能会产生重要影响。此外,对自闭症知识元认知意识较差的人可能没有意识到他们将自闭症与其他残疾混淆,因此他们可能不会寻求更多有关自闭症的纠正信息。
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引用次数: 0
Healthcare Providers' Perspectives on Autistic Adolescents Transitioning to Independent Driving. 医疗服务提供者对自闭症青少年过渡到独立驾驶的看法。
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06626-6
Catherine C McDonald, Christina Labows, Rachel K Myers, Emma Sartin, Benjamin E Yerys, Meghan E Carey, Cynthia J Mollen, Allison E Curry

Licensure is an option for some autistic adolescents and families that increases mobility by enabling independent travel to employment, school, and social activities. The objective of this study was to identify current strategies used by healthcare providers (HCPs) in their guidance to autistic adolescents and families on the transition to independent driving. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 HCPs. The team's previous research, literature review and expert feedback informed the development of the interview guide. A content analysis approach was used in the coding of transcripts, nine of which were double coded. Study team members reviewed coded transcripts, provided and discussed narrative summaries, and identified themes. Interviews were conducted with physicians, social workers, psychologists, therapist and a nurse practitioner. HCP identified their perceptions of autistic adolescents' strengths and weaknesses to be addressed in their individualized approaches. They described using clinical interactions as time to address licensure and driving, but also referred to specialists as needed. HCPs described using existing resources, but also provided a wish list of future resources. HCPs use an individualized approach for guidance in the transition to independent driving, considering the unique needs of autistic adolescent patients and families. These HCPs identified a clear need for tailored resources and guidance they can use in support of independent driving when appropriate for their patients and families.

对于一些患有自闭症的青少年和家庭来说,取得驾驶执照是一种选择,它可以让他们独立前往工作场所、学校和社交活动场所,从而提高行动能力。本研究旨在确定医疗保健提供者(HCPs)在指导自闭症青少年及其家庭向独立驾驶过渡时所采用的现行策略。研究小组对 15 名医疗保健提供者进行了半结构式访谈。团队根据以往的研究、文献综述和专家反馈意见制定了访谈指南。采用内容分析法对记录誊本进行编码,其中九份誊本进行了双重编码。研究小组成员审阅了编码后的记录誊本,提供并讨论了叙述性摘要,并确定了主题。访谈对象包括医生、社会工作者、心理学家、治疗师和一名执业护士。医生、社工、心理学家、治疗师和执业护士在访谈中指出了他们对自闭症青少年的优缺点的看法,这些优缺点将在他们的个性化治疗方法中加以解决。他们将临床互动作为解决执照和驾驶问题的时间,但也会根据需要转介给专家。保健医生介绍了现有资源的使用情况,但也提供了一份未来资源的愿望清单。考虑到自闭症青少年患者及其家庭的独特需求,保健医生采用个性化方法指导患者向独立驾驶过渡。这些保健医生明确表示,他们需要量身定制的资源和指导,以便在适合患者和家属的情况下,为其独立驾驶提供支持。
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引用次数: 0
Using an Instructional Package to Support Adults with Autism in Communicating with a Medical Provider. 使用教学包帮助自闭症成人与医疗人员沟通。
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06635-5
Jacqueline Wood, Charles Dukes, Kelly B Kearney

Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience co-occurring physical and mental health challenges throughout their lives. At the same time, they frequently face many barriers to accessing proper care. Strategies to improve communication and understanding can help to mitigate some of these barriers. This study examined the effects of an instructional package, including a video module accompanied by guided notes, the Autism Healthcare Accommodations Tool (AHAT), and behavior skills training (BST) to teach adults with autism to communicate their unique needs and request accommodations to a medical provider. Three participants independently completed a self-guided video module that modeled how to complete the guided notes and AHAT to identify appropriate accommodations and prepare for a doctor's appointment. Once finished, participants were taught to verbalize their needs and accommodations through BST. Results showed that participants' communication skills increased after introducing the instructional package, generalized to a novel provider and maintained once the instructional package was removed. This intervention proved to be an effective and socially valid method to improve communication for adults with autism in medical settings. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.

患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的成年人在其一生中经常会遇到身体和心理健康方面的并发挑战。与此同时,他们在获得适当护理方面经常面临许多障碍。改善沟通和理解的策略有助于减少其中的一些障碍。本研究考察了一套教学材料的效果,其中包括附有指导说明的视频模块、自闭症医疗适应工具(AHAT)和行为技能培训(BST),以教会自闭症成人与医疗服务提供者沟通他们的独特需求并提出适应要求。三名参与者独立完成了一个自我指导视频模块,该模块演示了如何完成指导笔记和自闭症医疗适应工具,以确定适当的适应措施并为医生预约做准备。完成后,参与者将学习如何通过 BST 口头表达自己的需求和调整。结果表明,在引入教学包后,参与者的沟通技能得到了提高,并在新的提供者身上得到了推广,而且在教学包被移除后,沟通技能仍得以保持。事实证明,这种干预是一种有效的、具有社会有效性的方法,可以改善自闭症成人在医疗环境中的沟通能力。本文还讨论了未来研究的意义和建议。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
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