The Emergence of Cat-Transmitted Sporotrichosis Driven by Sporothrix brasiliensis in Piauí, Brazil.

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Zoonoses and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI:10.1111/zph.13190

Raizza Eveline Escórcio Pinheiro, Clara Cecília Azevedo Santana, Liline Maria Soares Martins, Dilbert Silva Veloso, Jardenio Assis Dos Santos Luz, Oriana Bezerra Lima, Namir Clementino Santos, Fernanda Fidelis Gonsales, Jamile Ambrósio de Carvalho, Anderson Messias Rodrigues

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Abstract

Introduction: In Brazil, the emergence of feline sporotrichosis, a neglected subcutaneous mycosis primarily transmitted by cats and caused by the fungus Sporothrix brasiliensis, has been monitored via molecular tools. This approach underscores the geographic expansion of this disease and highlights the critical role of molecular surveillance in understanding its epidemiology and guiding public health interventions.

Methods: We investigated three domestic cats (Felis catus) with multiple skin lesions in Picos, Piauí, Brazil. The cats were examined, and samples were collected for laboratory diagnosis, including cytological evaluation, fungal culture, and molecular characterisation. The molecular analysis involved a one-tube multiplex probe-based qPCR assay for the diagnosis of Sporothrix species, mating-type determination, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP, EcoRI-GA/MseI-AG) to assess genetic similarity and potential origin.

Results: All three cats were diagnosed with sporotrichosis caused by the hypervirulent S. brasiliensis. A probable case of zoonotic transmission has been reported in a 12-year-old girl who developed Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome after contact with one of the cats with sporotrichosis. The molecular analysis revealed that the cat isolates were MAT 1-2 and formed a single cluster according to the AFLP analysis, suggesting direct transmission (cat-cat) and a potential founder effect. The isolates were also closely related to strains from Pernambuco and Southeast Brazil, indicating a possible introduction from these regions.

Conclusions: Identifying S. brasiliensis in Piauí emphasises the need for increased awareness and control measures to prevent further spread. The predominance of the MAT1-2 idiomorphs and the genetic similarity among outbreak isolates suggest clonal expansion, which could have significant implications for public health and veterinary practices. Considering its zoonotic potential and environmental adaptability, a One Health approach is crucial for managing and controlling the spread of cat-transmitted sporotrichosis.

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巴西皮奥伊出现了由巴西孢子虫引起的猫传播孢子丝虫病。

导言：在巴西，猫孢子丝菌病是一种被忽视的皮下真菌病，主要由猫传播，由巴西孢子丝菌（Sporothrix brasiliensis）引起。这种方法强调了这种疾病的地理分布范围，并突出了分子监测在了解其流行病学和指导公共卫生干预方面的关键作用：方法：我们调查了巴西皮奥伊州皮科斯市三只患有多种皮肤病的家猫（Felis catus）。我们对这些猫进行了检查，并采集了样本进行实验室诊断，包括细胞学评估、真菌培养和分子鉴定。分子分析包括基于单管多重探针的 qPCR 检测，用于诊断孢子丝菌的种类、确定交配型，以及扩增片段长度多态性（AFLP，EcoRI-GA/MseI-AG），以评估遗传相似性和潜在来源：结果：所有三只猫都被诊断出患有由高病毒性巴西猫孢子丝菌引起的孢子丝菌病。据报道，一名 12 岁的女孩在接触了其中一只患有孢子丝菌病的猫后，患上了帕里诺眼综合征，这可能是人畜共患传播病例。分子分析表明，根据 AFLP 分析，猫的分离物为 MAT 1-2，并形成一个群集，表明存在直接传播（猫-猫）和潜在的创始效应。这些分离株还与伯南布哥州和巴西东南部的菌株密切相关，表明可能是从这些地区引入的：在皮奥伊发现 S. brasiliensis 强调了提高意识和采取控制措施以防止进一步传播的必要性。疫情分离物中 MAT1-2 异形体占主导地位且遗传相似，这表明其克隆扩张可能会对公共卫生和兽医实践产生重大影响。考虑到该病的人畜共患潜力和环境适应性，"统一健康 "方法对于管理和控制猫传播孢子丝菌病的传播至关重要。

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来源期刊

Zoonoses and Public Health 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

4.20%

发文量

115

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Zoonoses and Public Health brings together veterinary and human health researchers and policy-makers by providing a venue for publishing integrated and global approaches to zoonoses and public health. The Editors will consider papers that focus on timely collaborative and multi-disciplinary research in zoonoses and public health. This journal provides rapid publication of original papers, reviews, and potential discussion papers embracing this collaborative spirit. Papers should advance the scientific knowledge of the sources, transmission, prevention and control of zoonoses and be authored by scientists with expertise in areas such as microbiology, virology, parasitology and epidemiology. Articles that incorporate recent data into new methods, applications, or approaches (e.g. statistical modeling) which enhance public health are strongly encouraged.