Distinguishing risk factors for depression and burnout in parents managing type 1 diabetes mellitus in children

Abstract

Purpose

Identifying factors affecting the mental health of parents with children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus is crucial in the caregiving process. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of burnout and depression in parents of children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus, as well as to identify the differential risk factors associated with these conditions.

Design and methods

Data for this cross-sectional and correlational study were collected online from 140 parents between April and June 2024, using the “Information Form”, “Burnout Measure Short Version”, “Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21”, and “Coping Style Scale”. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing depression and burnout levels.

Results

The majority of parents exhibited symptoms of burnout and depression. Increased levels of stress and anxiety, negative changes in self-care, social life, and career, as well as the use of ineffective coping strategies, heightened the risk for both burnout and depression, while the use of effective coping strategies for stress reduced this risk. On the other hand, a longer duration of the child's illness and family income were distinguishing risk factors for the development of depression, whereas an increase in the parent's perceived competence in diabetes management was a protective factor against burnout.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that nurses should focus on supporting parents' stress management, diabetes management competence, and the use of effective coping strategies. In doing so, interventions aimed at reducing the risks of depression and burnout can be developed.