Carl Hacker , Madaline M. Mocchi , Jiayang Xiao , Brian Metzger , Joshua Adkinson , Bailey Pascuzzi , Raissa Mathura , Denise Oswalt , Andrew Watrous , Eleonora Bartoli , Anusha Allawala , Victoria Pirtle , Xiaoxu Fan , Isabel Danstrom , Ben Shofty , Garrett Banks , Yue Zhang , Michelle Armenta-Salas , Koorosh Mirpour , Nicole Provenza , Kelly R. Bijanki
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Abstract
Background
A reliable physiological biomarker for major depressive disorder is essential for developing and optimizing neuromodulatory treatment paradigms. In this study, we investigated a passive electrophysiologic biomarker that tracks changes in depressive symptom severity on the order of minutes to hours.
Methods
We analyzed brief recordings from intracranial electrodes implanted deep in the brain during a clinical trial of deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression in 5 human participants (nfemale = 3, nmale = 2). This surgical setting allowed for precise temporal and spatial sensitivity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, a challenging area to measure. We focused on the aperiodic slope of the power spectral density, a metric that reflects the balance of activity across all frequency bands and may serve as a proxy for excitatory/inhibitory balance in the brain.
Results
Our findings demonstrated that shifts in aperiodic slope correlated with depression severity, with flatter (less negative) slopes indicating reduced depression severity. This significant correlation was observed in all 5 participants, particularly in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex.
Conclusions
This biomarker offers a new way to track patient responses to major depressive disorder treatment, thus paving the way for individualized therapies in both intracranial and noninvasive monitoring contexts.
期刊介绍：
Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging is an official journal of the Society for Biological Psychiatry, whose purpose is to promote excellence in scientific research and education in fields that investigate the nature, causes, mechanisms, and treatments of disorders of thought, emotion, or behavior. In accord with this mission, this peer-reviewed, rapid-publication, international journal focuses on studies using the tools and constructs of cognitive neuroscience, including the full range of non-invasive neuroimaging and human extra- and intracranial physiological recording methodologies. It publishes both basic and clinical studies, including those that incorporate genetic data, pharmacological challenges, and computational modeling approaches. The journal publishes novel results of original research which represent an important new lead or significant impact on the field. Reviews and commentaries that focus on topics of current research and interest are also encouraged.
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