Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging最新文献

Functional Brain Connectivity Predictors of Prospective Substance Use Initiation and Their Environmental Correlates 未来开始使用药物的大脑功能连接预测因素及其环境相关性。

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.10.002

Omid Kardan , Alexander S. Weigard , Lora M. Cope , Meghan E. Martz , Mike Angstadt , Katherine L. McCurry , Cleanthis Michael , Jillian E. Hardee , Luke W. Hyde , Chandra Sripada , Mary M. Heitzeg

Background

Early substance use initiation (SUI) places youth at substantially higher risk for later substance use disorders. Furthermore, adolescence is a critical period for the maturation of brain networks, the pace and magnitude of which are susceptible to environmental influences and may shape risk for SUI.

Methods

We examined whether patterns of functional brain connectivity during rest (rsFC), measured longitudinally during pre- and early adolescence, can predict future SUI. Next, in an independent subsample, we tested whether these patterns were associated with earlier environmental exposures, specifically neighborhood pollution and socioeconomic dimensions. We utilized data from the ABCD (Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development) Study. SUI was defined as first-time use of at least 1 full dose of alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, or other drugs. We created a control group (n = 228) of participants without SUI who were matched to the SUI group (n = 233) on age, sex, race/ethnicity, household income, and parental education.

Results

Multivariate analysis showed that whole-brain rsFC from 9–10 to 11–12 years of age (prior to SUI) prospectively differentiated the SUI and control groups. The SUI-related rsFC pattern was also related to aging in both groups, suggesting a pattern of accelerated maturation in the years prior to SUI. This same pattern of rsFC was predicted by higher pollution but not neighborhood disadvantage (adjusted for family socioeconomic factors) in an independent subsample (n = 2854).

Conclusions

Brain functional connectivity patterns in early adolescence that are linked to accelerated maturation can predict SUI in youth and are associated with exposure to pollution.

背景：过早开始使用药物（SUI）会大大增加青少年日后出现药物使用障碍的风险。此外，青春期是大脑网络成熟的关键时期，而大脑网络成熟的速度和程度很容易受到环境的影响，并可能决定青少年罹患药物滥用症的风险：我们研究了在青春期前期和早期纵向测量的静息时大脑功能连接（rsFC）模式是否能预测未来的 SUI。接下来，我们在一个独立的子样本中测试了这些模式是否与早期的环境暴露有关，特别是邻里污染和社会经济因素。我们利用了青少年脑认知发展研究（ABCD）® 的数据。SUI 被定义为首次使用至少一次全剂量酒精、尼古丁、大麻或其他药物。我们设立了一个对照组（N = 228），由没有 SUI 的参与者组成，他们与 SUI 组（N = 233）在年龄、性别、种族/民族、父母收入和教育程度方面相匹配：多变量分析表明，从 9-10 岁到 11-12 岁（SUI 之前）的全脑 rsFC 可对 SUI 组和对照组进行前瞻性区分。与 SUI 相关的 rsFC 模式也与两组人的年龄增长有关，这表明在 SUI 之前的几年中，人的成熟速度加快。在一个独立的子样本（N = 2,854）中，污染程度越高，但邻里关系越差（根据家庭社会经济因素调整），也能预测出同样的rsFC模式：结论：与加速成熟有关的青春期早期大脑功能连接模式可以预测青少年的 SUI，并且与暴露于污染有关。

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引用次数: 0

Altered Effective Connectivity During Threat Anticipation in Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder 酒精使用障碍患者在威胁预知过程中的有效连接性发生改变。

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.07.023

Milena Radoman , K. Luan Phan , Olusola A. Ajilore , Stephanie M. Gorka

Background

A developing theory and recent research suggest that heightened reactivity to uncertain stressors or threats may be an important individual difference factor that facilitates excessive drinking as a means of avoidance-based coping and characterizes individuals with current and past alcohol use disorder (AUD). Neuroimaging studies of unpredictable threat processing have repeatedly demonstrated activation of the anterior insula, anteromedial thalamus, and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. In the current study, we aimed to understand how these 3 regions function as a network during anticipation of unpredictable threat (and predictable threat).

Methods

Participants were 43 adults (ages 21–30) with AUD and 26 healthy control participants. Functional magnetic resonance imaging and dynamic causal modeling were used to study interregional effective connectivities and predictable and unpredictable threat-related modulations thereof within this network. Parametric empirical Bayesian modeling was used to conduct between-group comparisons in effective connectivities.

Results

During unpredictable threat trials, the increased projection from the right anteromedial thalamus to the right anterior insula was significantly present only in the AUD group. This directional influence was stronger among individuals who consumed more drinks per week on average. As expected, we found no group differences in modulatory changes to effective connectivities during predictable threat trials.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine directional interactions between key frontolimbic regions during anticipation of unpredictable and predictable threat and demonstrate the importance of bottom-up thalamic-insular projections during unpredictable threat processing in AUD. Prospective studies are warranted to determine whether this association is causal.

背景：一种正在形成的理论和最新研究表明，对不确定的压力源或威胁的反应性增高可能是一个重要的个体差异因素，它促进过度饮酒，作为一种基于回避的应对手段，并成为当前和过去的酒精使用障碍（AUD）患者的特征。对不可预测威胁处理的神经影像学研究反复证明了前脑岛（AIC）、丘脑前内侧（AM）和背侧前扣带回皮层（dACC）的激活。本研究旨在了解这三个区域在预测不可预测的威胁（和可预测的威胁）时是如何作为一个网络发挥作用的：参与者包括 43 名患有 AUD 的年轻人（21-30 岁）和 26 名健康对照者。采用功能磁共振成像和动态因果模型研究区域间有效连接性以及该网络中与可预测和不可预测威胁相关的调节。参数经验贝叶斯模型用于进行有效连接性的组间比较：结果：在不可预测的威胁试验中，从右侧AM丘脑到右侧AIC的投射增加仅在AUD组显著存在。这种定向影响在平均每周饮酒较多的个体中更为明显。正如预期的那样，我们发现在可预测的威胁试验中，有效连接性的调节性变化没有组间差异：据我们所知，这是第一项研究对不可预测和可预测威胁的预期过程中关键前边缘区域之间的定向相互作用进行研究，并证明了丘脑-脑岛投射在AUD的不可预测威胁处理过程中的重要性。我们有必要进行前瞻性研究，以确定这种关联是否可能是因果关系。

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引用次数: 0

Beyond the Descriptive: A Comprehensive, Multidomain Validation of Symptom Trajectories for Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis 超越描述：针对精神病临床高危人群的症状轨迹的综合、多领域验证。

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.08.020

Wisteria Deng , Benjamin Chong , Jean Addington , Carrie E. Bearden , Kristin S. Cadenhead , Barbara A. Cornblatt , Matcheri Keshavan , Daniel H. Mathalon , Diana O. Perkins , William Stone , Elaine F. Walker , Scott W. Woods , Tyrone D. Cannon

Background

Although the clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) criteria are widely used to ascertain individuals at heightened risk for imminent onset of psychosis, it remains controversial whether CHR-P status defines a diagnostic construct in its own right. In a previous study, CHR-P nonconverters were observed to follow 3 distinct trajectories in symptoms and functioning: remission, partial remission, and maintenance of symptoms and functional impairments at subthreshold levels of intensity.

Methods

Here, we utilized the NAPLS3 (North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study phase 3) sample (N = 806) to determine whether 1) the same trajectory groups can be detected when assessing symptoms at 2-month intervals over an 8-month period and 2) the resulting trajectory groups differ from each other and from healthy control participants and converting CHR-P cases in terms of risk factors, comorbidities, and functional outcomes.

Results

Three distinctive subgroups within the CHR nonconverters were identified, largely paralleling those observed previously. Importantly, these extracted groups, together with non-CHR control participants and CHR converters, differed from each other significantly on putative etiological risk factors (e.g., predicted risk scores, physiological and self-report measures of stress), affective comorbidities, and functional outcomes, thus providing converging evidence supporting the validity of the identified trajectory groups.

Conclusions

This pattern, together with the fact that even the subgroup of CHR-P nonconverters who showed a remission trajectory deviated from healthy control participants, supports treating the CHR-P syndrome not only as a status that denotes risk for onset of full psychosis but also as a marker of ongoing distress for a population that is in need of interventions.

背景：尽管临床精神病高危人群（CHR-P）标准被广泛用于确定即将罹患精神病的高危人群，但CHR-P状态本身是否可定义为一种诊断结构仍存在争议。在之前的一项研究中，CHR-P 非转换者在症状和功能方面被观察到遵循三种不同的轨迹：缓解、部分缓解以及症状和功能障碍维持在阈值以下的强度水平。方法：在此，我们利用北美前驱症纵向研究第三阶段（NAPLS3）样本（N = 806）来确定：1）是否存在相同的轨迹分组？1）在 8 个月的时间内，每隔 2 个月对症状进行评估时，是否能检测出相同的轨迹组；2）由此得出的轨迹组在风险因素、合并症和功能结果方面是否彼此不同，是否与健康对照组和转换为 CHR-P 病例的对照组不同：结果：在未转换 CHR 的病例中发现了三个不同的亚组，与之前观察到的亚组基本一致。重要的是，这些被提取出来的群体与非 CHR 对照组和 CHR 转换者在推定的病因风险因素（如预测风险评分、生理和自我报告压力测量）、情感合并症以及功能结果方面存在显著差异，为所识别的轨迹群体的有效性提供了一致的证据：这种模式，以及即使是显示出缓解轨迹的CHR-P非转换者亚组也偏离健康对照组这一事实，都支持将CHR-P综合征不仅作为一种表示全面精神病发病风险的状态，而且作为需要干预的人群的持续困扰的标志。

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引用次数: 0

Aperiodic (1/f) Neural Activity Robustly Tracks Symptom Severity Changes in Treatment-Resistant Depression 非周期性（1/f）神经活动可有力追踪耐药性抑郁症的症状严重程度变化。

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.10.019

Carl Hacker , Madaline M. Mocchi , Jiayang Xiao , Brian Metzger , Joshua Adkinson , Bailey Pascuzzi , Raissa Mathura , Denise Oswalt , Andrew Watrous , Eleonora Bartoli , Anusha Allawala , Victoria Pirtle , Xiaoxu Fan , Isabel Danstrom , Ben Shofty , Garrett Banks , Yue Zhang , Michelle Armenta-Salas , Koorosh Mirpour , Nicole Provenza , Kelly R. Bijanki

Background

A reliable physiological biomarker for major depressive disorder is essential for developing and optimizing neuromodulatory treatment paradigms. In this study, we investigated a passive electrophysiologic biomarker that tracks changes in depressive symptom severity on the order of minutes to hours.

Methods

We analyzed brief recordings from intracranial electrodes implanted deep in the brain during a clinical trial of deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression in 5 human participants (n_female = 3, n_male = 2). This surgical setting allowed for precise temporal and spatial sensitivity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, a challenging area to measure. We focused on the aperiodic slope of the power spectral density, a metric that reflects the balance of activity across all frequency bands and may serve as a proxy for excitatory/inhibitory balance in the brain.

Results

Our findings demonstrated that shifts in aperiodic slope correlated with depression severity, with flatter (less negative) slopes indicating reduced depression severity. This significant correlation was observed in all 5 participants, particularly in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex.

Conclusions

This biomarker offers a new way to track patient responses to major depressive disorder treatment, thus paving the way for individualized therapies in both intracranial and noninvasive monitoring contexts.

背景：重度抑郁症的可靠生理生物标志物对于开发和优化神经调节治疗范例至关重要。本研究调查了一种被动电生理生物标志物，它能追踪抑郁症状严重程度在数分钟至数小时内的变化：我们分析了 5 名受试者（女性 3 人，男性 2 人）在接受脑深部刺激治疗耐药抑郁症的临床试验期间从植入大脑深部的颅内电极获得的简短记录。这种手术设置可以精确测量腹内侧前额叶皮层的时间和空间灵敏度，而这是一个具有挑战性的测量区域。我们重点研究了功率谱密度的非周期性斜率，该指标反映了所有频段的活动平衡，可作为大脑兴奋/抑制平衡的替代指标：我们的研究结果表明，非周期性斜率的变化与抑郁症的严重程度有关，斜率越平（负值越小）表明抑郁症的严重程度越低。在所有 5 名受试者中都观察到了这种明显的相关性，尤其是在腹内侧前额叶皮层：这种生物标志物为跟踪患者对重度抑郁障碍治疗的反应提供了一种新方法，为颅内和非侵入性监测背景下的个体化疗法铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Editorial Board Page

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2451-9022(25)00003-5

引用次数: 0

Opposite-Direction Spatial Working Memory Biases in People With Schizophrenia and Healthy Control Participants 精神分裂症患者和健康对照组的反方向空间工作记忆偏差。

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.09.008

James M. Gold , Sonia Bansal , Benjamin Robinson , Alan Anticevic , Steven J. Luck

Background

People with schizophrenia (PSZ) show impaired accuracy in spatial working memory (sWM), which is thought to reflect abnormalities in the sustained firing of feature selective neurons that are critical for successful encoding and maintenance processes. Recent research has documented a new source of variance in the accuracy of sWM: In healthy adults, sWM representations are unconsciously biased by previous trials such that current-trial responses are attracted to previous-trial responses (serial dependence). This opens a new window to examine how schizophrenia impacts both the sustained neural firing representing the current-trial target and the longer-term synaptic plasticity that stores previous-trial information.

Methods

We examined response accuracy in a single-item sWM test with delay intervals of 0, 2, 4, or 8 seconds in 41 PSZ and 32 demographically similar healthy control participants. Our main dependent variable was the bias index, which quantifies the extent to which the current-trial responses were biased toward or away from the previous-trial target.

Results

PSZ showed opposite-direction serial dependence bias effects: Healthy control participants showed an attractive bias that increased over increasing delays whereas PSZ showed a repulsion bias that increased over delays. In PSZ, the magnitude of the repulsion bias negatively correlated with broad measures of cognitive ability and WM capacity.

Conclusions

PSZ show opposite-direction effects of previous trials on WM. Such qualitatively distinct differences in performance are extremely rare in psychopathology and may index a fundamental alteration in neural processing that could serve as a valuable biomarker for pathophysiology and treatment development research.

背景：精神分裂症（PSZ）患者的空间工作记忆（SWM）准确性受损，这被认为反映了特征选择神经元持续发射的异常，而特征选择神经元对于成功编码和维持过程至关重要。最近的研究发现了空间工作记忆准确性差异的一个新来源：在健康的成年人中，空间工作记忆表征会不自觉地受到先前试验的影响，从而使当前试验的反应被先前试验的反应所吸引（序列依赖）。这为研究精神分裂症如何影响代表当前试验目标的持续神经发射和存储先前试验信息的长期突触可塑性打开了一扇新窗口：我们研究了 41 名精神分裂症患者和 32 名在人口统计学上相似的健康对照者（HCS）在延迟间隔为 0、2、4 或 8 秒的单项 SWM 测试中的反应准确性。我们的主要因变量是偏差指数，它量化了当前试验的反应偏向或偏离上一试验目标的程度：结果：PSZ 显示了反方向的序列依赖偏倚效应：HCS表现出的吸引偏向随着延迟的增加而增加，而PSZ表现出的排斥偏向随着延迟的增加而增加。在 PSZ 中，排斥偏差的大小与认知能力和 WM 能力的广泛测量呈负相关：结论：PSZ 表现出先前试验对 WM 的反方向影响。这种表现上截然不同的定性差异在精神病理学中极为罕见，可能表明神经处理过程发生了根本性的改变，可作为病理生理学和治疗开发研究的重要生物标志物。

{"title":"Opposite-Direction Spatial Working Memory Biases in People With Schizophrenia and Healthy Control Participants","authors":"James M. Gold , Sonia Bansal , Benjamin Robinson , Alan Anticevic , Steven J. Luck","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>People with schizophrenia (PSZ) show impaired accuracy in spatial working memory (sWM), which is thought to reflect abnormalities in the sustained firing of feature selective neurons that are critical for successful encoding and maintenance processes. Recent research has documented a new source of variance in the accuracy of sWM: In healthy adults, sWM representations are unconsciously biased by previous trials such that current-trial responses are attracted to previous-trial responses (serial dependence). This opens a new window to examine how schizophrenia impacts both the sustained neural firing representing the current-trial target and the longer-term synaptic plasticity that stores previous-trial information.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined response accuracy in a single-item sWM test with delay intervals of 0, 2, 4, or 8 seconds in 41 PSZ and 32 demographically similar healthy control participants. Our main dependent variable was the bias index, which quantifies the extent to which the current-trial responses were biased toward or away from the previous-trial target.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PSZ showed opposite-direction serial dependence bias effects: Healthy control participants showed an attractive bias that increased over increasing delays whereas PSZ showed a repulsion bias that increased over delays. In PSZ, the magnitude of the repulsion bias negatively correlated with broad measures of cognitive ability and WM capacity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PSZ show opposite-direction effects of previous trials on WM. Such qualitatively distinct differences in performance are extremely rare in psychopathology and may index a fundamental alteration in neural processing that could serve as a valuable biomarker for pathophysiology and treatment development research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54231,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 167-174"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing the Neurocognitive Effects of Right Unilateral Ultra-Brief Pulse Electroconvulsive Therapy and Magnetic Seizure Therapy for the Treatment of Major Depressive Episode 比较右侧单侧超短脉冲电休克疗法和磁性发作疗法对治疗重度抑郁发作的神经认知效果。

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.10.016

Shawn M. McClintock , Zhi-De Deng , Mustafa M. Husain , Vishal J. Thakkar , Elisabeth Bernhardt , Richard D. Weiner , Bruce Luber , Sarah H. Lisanby

Background

Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is under investigation as a treatment for adults with major depression. Previous research has suggested that MST has antidepressant efficacy comparable to that of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), but with greater cognitive safety. The objective of the study was to compare the neurocognitive outcomes of patients receiving an acute course of MST with the outcomes of those receiving ECT for the treatment of major depressive episode.

Methods

This was a between-subjects, double-masked, randomized, multicenter clinical trial. Seventy-three participants with a severe major depressive episode were enrolled and randomly assigned to treatment with MST (n = 35) or ultra-brief pulse right unilateral ECT (n = 38). The main outcome was change in performance from baseline to the end of acute treatment on multiple neurocognitive measures.

Results

Compared with patients who received ECT, patients who received MST had superior cognitive outcomes up to 72 hours posttreatment. Specifically, following MST treatment, there was significant improvement in fine motor dexterity (p = .017) and no significant change in cognitive domains of attention, verbal fluency, executive function, or verbal learning and memory. In contrast, following treatment with ECT, patients demonstrated significantly worse performance on measures of verbal fluency (p < .001), executive function (p = .038), and verbal memory retention (p < .001). Autobiographical memory consistency decreased significantly following treatment with both ECT (p < .001) and MST, although the magnitude of change was greater for ECT.

Conclusions

The study findings confirm previous work and provide new evidence supporting the enhanced cognitive safety of MST relative to ECT. Future research on MST is warranted to optimize its application to individuals with neuropsychiatric illnesses across the life span.

背景：磁性发作疗法（MST）作为一种治疗成人重度抑郁症的方法正在接受研究。先前的研究表明，磁性发作疗法的抗抑郁疗效与电休克疗法（ECT）相当，但认知安全性更高。本研究的目的是比较接受 MST 急性疗程和接受 ECT 治疗重度抑郁症患者的神经认知结果：这是一项受试者间、双掩蔽、随机、多中心临床试验。73名严重重度抑郁症患者被纳入试验，并随机分配接受MST治疗（38人）或超短脉冲右侧单侧电痉挛治疗（35人）。主要结果是多种神经认知指标从基线到急性治疗结束时的表现变化：结果：接受MST治疗的患者在治疗后72小时内的认知能力优于接受ECT治疗的患者。具体而言，在接受 MST 治疗后，患者的精细动作灵活性有了显著改善（p=0.017），而注意力、语言流畅性、执行功能以及语言学习和记忆等认知领域则无明显变化。相反，在接受电痉挛疗法治疗后，患者在言语流畅性方面的表现明显恶化（p结论：研究结果证实了之前的研究成果，并提供了新的证据，证明相对于电痉挛疗法，MST能提高认知安全性。未来有必要对MST进行研究，以优化其在神经精神疾病患者整个生命周期中的应用：临床试验注册：ClinicalTrials.gov identifier：临床试验注册：ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符：NCT00488748。

{"title":"Comparing the Neurocognitive Effects of Right Unilateral Ultra-Brief Pulse Electroconvulsive Therapy and Magnetic Seizure Therapy for the Treatment of Major Depressive Episode","authors":"Shawn M. McClintock , Zhi-De Deng , Mustafa M. Husain , Vishal J. Thakkar , Elisabeth Bernhardt , Richard D. Weiner , Bruce Luber , Sarah H. Lisanby","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.10.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is under investigation as a treatment for adults with major depression. Previous research has suggested that MST has antidepressant efficacy comparable to that of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), but with greater cognitive safety. The objective of the study was to compare the neurocognitive outcomes of patients receiving an acute course of MST with the outcomes of those receiving ECT for the treatment of major depressive episode.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a between-subjects, double-masked, randomized, multicenter clinical trial. Seventy-three participants with a severe major depressive episode were enrolled and randomly assigned to treatment with MST (<em>n</em> = 35) or ultra-brief pulse right unilateral ECT (<em>n</em> = 38). The main outcome was change in performance from baseline to the end of acute treatment on multiple neurocognitive measures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with patients who received ECT, patients who received MST had superior cognitive outcomes up to 72 hours posttreatment. Specifically, following MST treatment, there was significant improvement in fine motor dexterity (<em>p</em> = .017) and no significant change in cognitive domains of attention, verbal fluency, executive function, or verbal learning and memory. In contrast, following treatment with ECT, patients demonstrated significantly worse performance on measures of verbal fluency (<em>p</em> < .001), executive function (<em>p</em> = .038), and verbal memory retention (<em>p</em> < .001). Autobiographical memory consistency decreased significantly following treatment with both ECT (<em>p</em> < .001) and MST, although the magnitude of change was greater for ECT.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study findings confirm previous work and provide new evidence supporting the enhanced cognitive safety of MST relative to ECT. Future research on MST is warranted to optimize its application to individuals with neuropsychiatric illnesses across the life span.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54231,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 175-185"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142634401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2451-9022(25)00004-7

引用次数: 0

Aperiodic Neural Activity as an Index of Depression Severity

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.007

Kirill V. Nourski

引用次数: 0

The Reward Positivity As a Predictor of First-Lifetime Onsets of Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidal Ideation in High-Risk Adolescents 奖励积极性是预测高危青少年抑郁、焦虑和自杀意念终生首次发作的指标。

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.10.017

Gia-Huy L. Hoang , Kent G. Hecker , Connor Maxey , Ford Burles , Olave E. Krigolson , Daniel C. Kopala-Sibley

Background

Reduced reward positivity (RewP), an electroencephalography marker elicited by feedback indicating reward, has been associated with an increased risk for depression during adolescence. However, the ability of the RewP to predict the first-lifetime onset of depressive disorders, as opposed to anxiety and suicidal ideation in high-risk populations, has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we examined whether the RewP predicts the first-lifetime onset of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation over 18 months in familial high-risk adolescents.

Methods

The sample included 145 adolescents (64.8% female), ages 11 to 17 years, who had at least 1 parent with a history of mood or anxiety disorders and completed baseline and at least 1 follow-up measurement. At baseline, the RewP was measured using a simple gambling task; current internalizing symptoms were assessed using self-report questionnaires; and the adolescent’s psychiatric diagnoses were evaluated with diagnostic interviews. The same interview was administered to the adolescents again 9 months and 18 months later.

Results

Logistic regression models showed that higher RewP scores significantly predicted a lower likelihood of developing a first onset of major depressive disorder over 18 months, even after controlling for sex, age, and baseline internalizing symptoms. In contrast, the RewP did not significantly predict the first onset of anxiety disorders or suicidal ideation.

Conclusions

A reduced RewP precedes the first onset of depression in high-risk adolescents, highlighting the RewP’s predictive capability for depression risk in predisposed populations. A blunted RewP could complement self-reported symptoms in screening and prevention.

背景：奖赏积极性降低（RewP）是由奖赏反馈引起的脑电图（EEG）标记，它与青少年抑郁症风险增加有关。然而，RewP 在预测高危人群抑郁障碍（而非焦虑和自杀意念）的首次发病方面的预测能力尚未得到深入研究。在本研究中，作者考察了 RewP 是否能预测家族性高危青少年在 18 个月内首次出现抑郁、焦虑和自杀意念的情况：样本包括 145 名青少年（64.8% 为男性），年龄在 11-17 岁之间，父母至少一方有情绪和焦虑症病史，并完成了基线和至少一次随访测量。在基线测量中，使用简单的赌博任务测量 RewP，使用自我报告问卷评估他们当前的内化症状，并通过诊断访谈评估青少年的精神诊断。9个月和18个月后，青少年再次接受了同样的访谈：逻辑回归模型显示，即使在控制了性别、年龄和基线内化症状之后，RewP 分数越高，预测在 18 个月内首次出现重度抑郁症（MDD）的可能性就越低。相比之下，RewP并不能显著预测焦虑症或自杀倾向的首次发病：结论：RewP的降低先于高危青少年抑郁症的首次发病，这凸显了RewP在预测易感人群抑郁症风险方面的预测能力。在筛查和预防过程中，RewP减弱可作为自我报告症状的补充。

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引用次数: 0