Construction of natural hydrogels consisting of oxidized dextran, quaternized chitosan and cuttlefish ink nanoparticles for treating diabetic oral ulcers.

Abstract

Current approaches to managing diabetic oral ulcers are often inadequate in medical settings due to risks of bacterial contamination, oxidative harm, and hindered blood vessel growth during recovery. Here, we have developed a hydrogel (OQC2) consisting of oxidized dextran, quaternized chitosan, and melanin nanoparticles sourced from cuttlefish ink to effectively treat wounds from diabetic oral ulcers. Initially, by administering a straightforward local injection, a protection barrier forms over the mucosal injury, promptly stopping bleeding and neutralizing inflammatory agents. The OQC2 excels in innate antibacterial activity and can effectively remove reactive oxygen species, aiding in bacterial eradication and managing oxidative states, thereby hastening the wound's transition from inflammation to tissue growth. Moreover, the OQC2 features a three-dimensional structure made up of elements sourced from natural materials, potentially making it an excellent resource for providing structural and nutritional support to cells. This support encourages cell attachment, movement, and growth, as well as further blood vessel formation in the process of mucosal remodeling. Both in vitro and in vivo trials indicate that the OQC2 significantly speeds up the repair of mucosal wounds, presenting a viable option for treating diabetic oral ulcers.