Examining Cesarean Section Rates in Ghana's 10 Regions Over a Decade a Comprehensive National Investigation.

Abstract

This study examines cesarean section (C-section) deliveries in Ghana from 2008 to 2017 in 10 regions, distinguishing between scheduled and emergency procedures. Scheduled C-sections target specific maternal conditions, such as advanced age, multiparity, and medical history, while emergency C-sections address acute fetal distress, preeclampsia, bleeding, and other urgent situations. The analysis reveals various regional patterns, with the Brong-Ahafo Region showing a potential deceleration after 2017 and the Upper West Region indicating a possible acceleration. The high number of C-sections in Greater Accra and Ashanti may be related to population density and health facilities. The study proposes empirical models, including linear, quadratic, and exponential components, emphasizing quasilinearity. The exponential model suggests transient and permanent phases of cesarean frequency, with the latter dominated by quasilinearity. Optimal parameter values are determined, which highlights the stability of the model. However, caution is advised when projecting too far into the future due to the inevitable slowing of observed trends. The findings offer insights for healthcare planning, resource allocation, and policymaking, emphasizing the need for region-specific approaches and ongoing monitoring of cesarean dynamics to inform nuanced interventions.