Presión inspiratoria máxima y presión espiratoria máxima en pacientes de 2 unidades de Cuidados Intensivos en Antioquia, Colombia

Abstract

Background

Muscle weakness is a common problem in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), which becomes more critical when it affects the respiratory muscles, as they are essential for maintaining proper ventilation. To assess respiratory muscle strength, measurements of Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) and Maximal Expiratory Pressure (MEP) are used, with values related to age, sex, anthropometric measures (height, weight, body mass index), presence of diseases, their chronicity, functionality, among various aspects. In Colombia, the results of measurements in a healthy population differ from those found in North America and European countries, suggesting that there may also be differences in populations with morbidity, such as in the intensive care setting.

Objective

To describe MIP and MEP values based on some sociodemographic, anthropometric, functional, and clinical characteristics in patients from 2 ICUs in Antioquia, Colombia.

Methods

Observational, descriptive study with an analytical intention, cross-sectional design. MIP and MEP were measured, and sociodemographic, anthropometric, functional, clinical, and smoking habit variables were obtained in patients from 2 ICUs in Antioquia.

Results

43 people participated, with most showing muscle weakness compared to the normal limit value. Correlation was found between MIP/MEP and age, sex, height, smoking habit, underlying respiratory disease, having received mechanical ventilation, and handgrip strength weakness.

Conclusions

Values in the studied population allow for a more objective functional assessment and individualized approach.