Interplay between the brain and adipose tissue: a metabolic conversation.

IF 6.5 1区生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EMBO Reports Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI:10.1038/s44319-024-00321-4

Francisco Díaz-Castro, Eugenia Morselli, Marc Claret

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Abstract

The central nervous system and adipose tissue interact through complex communication. This bidirectional signaling regulates metabolic functions. The hypothalamus, a key homeostatic brain region, integrates exteroceptive and interoceptive signals to control appetite, energy expenditure, glucose, and lipid metabolism. This regulation is partly achieved via the nervous modulation of white (WAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissue. In this review, we highlight the roles of sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation in regulating WAT and BAT activities, such as lipolysis and thermogenesis. Adipose tissue, in turn, plays a dual role as an energy reservoir and an endocrine organ, secreting hormones that influence brain function and metabolic health. In addition, this review focuses on recently uncovered communication pathways, including extracellular vesicles and neuro-mesenchymal units, which add new layers of regulation and complexity to the brain-adipose tissue interaction. Finally, we also examine the consequences of disrupted communication between the brain and adipose tissue in metabolic disorders like obesity and type-2 diabetes, emphasizing the potential for new therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways to improve metabolic health.

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大脑与脂肪组织之间的相互作用：新陈代谢的对话。

中枢神经系统和脂肪组织通过复杂的交流相互作用。这种双向信号调节着新陈代谢功能。下丘脑是一个关键的平衡脑区，它整合外部感觉和内部感觉信号，控制食欲、能量消耗、葡萄糖和脂质代谢。这种调节部分是通过神经调节白色（WAT）和棕色（BAT）脂肪组织来实现的。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍交感神经和副交感神经在调节脂肪组织和棕色脂肪组织活动（如脂肪分解和产热）中的作用。反过来，脂肪组织又扮演着能量储备和内分泌器官的双重角色，它分泌的激素会影响大脑功能和代谢健康。此外，本综述还重点探讨了最近发现的沟通途径，包括细胞外囊泡和神经-间质单元，它们为大脑与脂肪组织的相互作用增加了新的调节层次和复杂性。最后，我们还探讨了大脑与脂肪组织之间的交流中断在肥胖和 2 型糖尿病等代谢性疾病中造成的后果，强调了针对这些途径的新治疗策略在改善代谢健康方面的潜力。

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来源期刊

EMBO Reports 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

11.20

自引率

1.30%

发文量

267

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： EMBO Reports is a scientific journal that specializes in publishing research articles in the fields of molecular biology, cell biology, and developmental biology. The journal is known for its commitment to publishing high-quality, impactful research that provides novel physiological and functional insights. These insights are expected to be supported by robust evidence, with independent lines of inquiry validating the findings. The journal's scope includes both long and short-format papers, catering to different types of research contributions. It values studies that: Communicate major findings: Articles that report significant discoveries or advancements in the understanding of biological processes at the molecular, cellular, and developmental levels. Confirm important findings: Research that validates or supports existing knowledge in the field, reinforcing the reliability of previous studies. Refute prominent claims: Studies that challenge or disprove widely accepted ideas or hypotheses in the biosciences, contributing to the correction and evolution of scientific understanding. Present null data: Papers that report negative results or findings that do not support a particular hypothesis, which are crucial for the scientific process as they help to refine or redirect research efforts. EMBO Reports is dedicated to maintaining high standards of scientific rigor and integrity, ensuring that the research it publishes contributes meaningfully to the advancement of knowledge in the life sciences. By covering a broad spectrum of topics and encouraging the publication of both positive and negative results, the journal plays a vital role in promoting a comprehensive and balanced view of scientific inquiry.