Prenatal light exposure affects diurnal rhythms and visual development of the layer embryonic retina

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Poultry Science Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI:10.1016/j.psj.2024.104497

S.Q. Wei , P. Yin , W.Y. Tang , Z.Y. Zhang , W. Chu , Q. Tong , B.M. Li , W.C. Zheng , C.Y. Wang

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Abstract

It is believed that some wavelengths of light penetrate through eggshell and are perceived by avian embryo, and may consequently affect rhythm establishment and development. This research aimed to explore the influence of prenatal light exposure on the morphological alterations of retinal tissue, the expression of visual developmental signaling systems (TGF-β/Smad pathway), the expression of clock related genes (cClock, cBmal1, cBmal2, cAanat), and melatonin concentration in the chicken embryonic retina. Layer eggs (Jingfen No.6) were subjected to white light (5000K, WL) and green light (520 nm/515-525 nm, GL) with a 12L:12D photoperiod throughout the entire incubation period, in contrast to no light incubation (NL). The results showed that the thickness of retina and each retinal lamina of chicken embryo in WL at E20 was much thicker than that of chicken embryo in GL (P < 0.05). In contrary, the expression level of TGF-β1 mRNA and Smad2/3 protein in retina was dramatically downregulated in WL when compared to that in NL and GL (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the incubation light simultaneously significantly affected the diurnal rhythms of the chicken embryonic retina. The expression of three clock genes (cBmal1/2, cClock) and cAanat exhibited significant diurnal rhythms in GL (P < 0.05). Additionally, green light stimulation significantly enhanced melatonin secretion but did not show diurnal rhythm. However, cBmal1, cAanat, and melatonin expression exhibited diurnal rhythms (P < 0.01), while the others did not in WL. In NL, only cBmal1 exhibited diurnal rhythmicity (P < 0.01). In conclusion, providing light of different wavelengths during the incubation process of poultry can have varying effects on embryonic visual development and the establishment of diurnal rhythms. WL had an advantage to GL and NL on retina development and diurnal rhythm through significantly influencing the expression of genes related to visual developmental signaling pathways and clock genes. A well-developed retina in WL exposure chicken embryo may be beneficial for establishing a melatonin rhythm. Conversely, the established circadian rhythm could improve embryonic development.

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产前光照影响昼夜节律和胚层视网膜的视觉发育。

一般认为，某些波长的光可以穿透蛋壳，被鸟类胚胎感知，从而影响节律的建立和发育。本研究旨在探讨产前光照对鸡胚视网膜组织形态学改变、视觉发育信号系统（TGF-β/Smad通路）表达、时钟相关基因（cClock、cBmal1、cBmal2、cAanat）表达和褪黑素浓度的影响。在整个孵化期间，对蛋鸡（京粉 6 号）进行白光（5000K，WL）和绿光（520 nm/515-525 nm，GL）照射，光周期为 12L:12D，而非无光孵化（NL）。结果表明，WL 培养的鸡胚在 E20 期的视网膜厚度和每个视网膜薄层的厚度远高于 GL 培养的鸡（P < 0.05）。相反，与NL和GL相比，WL鸡胚视网膜中TGF-β1 mRNA和Smad2/3蛋白的表达水平显著下调（P＜0.01）。此外，培养光同时显著影响鸡胚视网膜的昼夜节律。三个时钟基因（cBmal1/2、cClock）和 cAanat 的表达在 GL 中表现出明显的昼夜节律（P < 0.05）。此外，绿光刺激能显著增强褪黑激素的分泌，但没有显示出昼夜节律。然而，在 WL 中，cBmal1、cAanat 和褪黑激素的表达表现出昼夜节律（P < 0.01），而其他则没有。在 NL 中，只有 cBmal1 表现出昼夜节律性（P < 0.01）。总之，在家禽孵化过程中提供不同波长的光可对胚胎视觉发育和昼夜节律的建立产生不同的影响。WL通过显著影响视觉发育信号通路相关基因和时钟基因的表达，在视网膜发育和昼夜节律方面优于GL和NL。暴露于 WL 的鸡胚视网膜发育良好，可能有利于建立褪黑激素节律。反之，已建立的昼夜节律可改善胚胎发育。

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来源期刊

Poultry Science 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

15.90%

发文量

审稿时长

94 days

期刊介绍： First self-published in 1921, Poultry Science is an internationally renowned monthly journal, known as the authoritative source for a broad range of poultry information and high-caliber research. The journal plays a pivotal role in the dissemination of preeminent poultry-related knowledge across all disciplines. As of January 2020, Poultry Science will become an Open Access journal with no subscription charges, meaning authors who publish here can make their research immediately, permanently, and freely accessible worldwide while retaining copyright to their work. Papers submitted for publication after October 1, 2019 will be published as Open Access papers. An international journal, Poultry Science publishes original papers, research notes, symposium papers, and reviews of basic science as applied to poultry. This authoritative source of poultry information is consistently ranked by ISI Impact Factor as one of the top 10 agriculture, dairy and animal science journals to deliver high-caliber research. Currently it is the highest-ranked (by Impact Factor and Eigenfactor) journal dedicated to publishing poultry research. Subject areas include breeding, genetics, education, production, management, environment, health, behavior, welfare, immunology, molecular biology, metabolism, nutrition, physiology, reproduction, processing, and products.