Genetic engineering including genome editing for broad-spectrum disease resistance in crops.

IF 9.4 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Plant Communications Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI:10.1016/j.xplc.2024.101195
Xinyu Han, Shumin Li, Qingdong Zeng, Peng Sun, Dousheng Wu, Jianguo Wu, Xiao Yu, Zhibing Lai, Ricky J Milne, Zhensheng Kang, Kabin Xie, Guotian Li
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Abstract

Plant diseases, caused by a wide range of pathogens, severely reduce crop yield, quality and pose a threat to global food security. Developing broad-spectrum resistance (BSR) in crops is a key strategy to control crop diseases and safeguard crop production. Cloning of disease-resistance (R) genes and understanding their underlying molecular mechanisms provides new genetic resources and strategies for crop breeding. Novel genetic engineering and genome editing tools have accelerated the study of BSR genes and engineering of BSR in crops, and this area represents the primary focus of this review. We first summarize recent advances in the understanding of the plant immune system. We then examine progress in understanding molecular mechanisms underlying BSR in crops. Finally, we highlight diverse strategies employed to achieve BSR, such as gene stacking to combine multiple R genes, multiplexed genome editing of susceptibility (S) genes and promoters of executor R genes, editing cis-regulatory elements for fine-tuning gene expression, RNA interference, saturation mutagenesis, and precise genomic insertions. Genetic studies and engineering of BSR accelerate breeding of disease-resistant cultivars and crop improvement, which will act to safeguard global food security.

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基因工程,包括基因组编辑,用于作物的广谱抗病性。
由多种病原体引起的植物病害严重降低了作物产量和质量,并对全球粮食安全构成威胁。开发作物的广谱抗性(BSR)是控制作物病害、保障作物生产的关键策略。克隆抗病(R)基因并了解其分子机制为作物育种提供了新的遗传资源和策略。新的基因工程和基因组编辑工具加快了对作物中 BSR 基因和 BSR 工程的研究,这一领域是本综述的主要关注点。我们首先总结了对植物免疫系统认识的最新进展。然后,我们考察了在了解作物 BSR 的分子机制方面取得的进展。最后,我们重点介绍了为实现 BSR 而采用的各种策略,如通过基因堆叠组合多个 R 基因、对易感 (S) 基因和执行 R 基因的启动子进行多重基因组编辑、编辑顺式调控元件以微调基因表达、RNA 干扰、饱和突变和精确基因组插入。对 BSR 的遗传研究和工程设计可加速抗病栽培品种的培育和作物改良,从而保障全球粮食安全。
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来源期刊
Plant Communications
Plant Communications Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science
CiteScore
15.70
自引率
5.70%
发文量
105
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: Plant Communications is an open access publishing platform that supports the global plant science community. It publishes original research, review articles, technical advances, and research resources in various areas of plant sciences. The scope of topics includes evolution, ecology, physiology, biochemistry, development, reproduction, metabolism, molecular and cellular biology, genetics, genomics, environmental interactions, biotechnology, breeding of higher and lower plants, and their interactions with other organisms. The goal of Plant Communications is to provide a high-quality platform for the dissemination of plant science research.
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