{"title":"Controllable gradient piezoelectric properties in ferroelectric single crystals","authors":"Xinyu Jin, Ming Qiu, Xiangda Meng, Yu Wang, Bohan Xing, Xing Wen, Jinyu Ruan, Xiaolin Huang, Xiaoou Wang, Chengpeng Hu, Peng Tan, Hao Tian","doi":"10.1063/5.0242972","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Functional gradient materials (FGMs) possess gradient-varying properties, which make them important in applications for connecting different materials and inhomogeneous environments. Ferroelectric single crystals have multiple excellent physical properties, but it is difficult to design gradient properties during the crystal growth. Here, a method is reported to achieve gradient piezoelectric properties in the tetragonal Mn&Fe-doped KTa1−xNbxO3 (Mn&Fe: KTN) crystals by alternating current poling and internal strain design. Furthermore, opposite piezoelectric coefficients are obtained in the direction perpendicular to the applied electric field, with a gradient variation from −221 to 227 pC/N. This phenomenon has been revealed to result from the co-regulating effect of flexoelectric field and alternating current electric field on defect dipoles and domain structures. This study contributes to the fabrication of functional gradient piezoelectric single crystals and expands the application scenarios of FGMs.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"188 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Applied Physics Letters","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0242972","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHYSICS, APPLIED","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Functional gradient materials (FGMs) possess gradient-varying properties, which make them important in applications for connecting different materials and inhomogeneous environments. Ferroelectric single crystals have multiple excellent physical properties, but it is difficult to design gradient properties during the crystal growth. Here, a method is reported to achieve gradient piezoelectric properties in the tetragonal Mn&Fe-doped KTa1−xNbxO3 (Mn&Fe: KTN) crystals by alternating current poling and internal strain design. Furthermore, opposite piezoelectric coefficients are obtained in the direction perpendicular to the applied electric field, with a gradient variation from −221 to 227 pC/N. This phenomenon has been revealed to result from the co-regulating effect of flexoelectric field and alternating current electric field on defect dipoles and domain structures. This study contributes to the fabrication of functional gradient piezoelectric single crystals and expands the application scenarios of FGMs.
期刊介绍：
Applied Physics Letters (APL) features concise, up-to-date reports on significant new findings in applied physics. Emphasizing rapid dissemination of key data and new physical insights, APL offers prompt publication of new experimental and theoretical papers reporting applications of physics phenomena to all branches of science, engineering, and modern technology.
In addition to regular articles, the journal also publishes invited Fast Track, Perspectives, and in-depth Editorials which report on cutting-edge areas in applied physics.
APL Perspectives are forward-looking invited letters which highlight recent developments or discoveries. Emphasis is placed on very recent developments, potentially disruptive technologies, open questions and possible solutions. They also include a mini-roadmap detailing where the community should direct efforts in order for the phenomena to be viable for application and the challenges associated with meeting that performance threshold. Perspectives are characterized by personal viewpoints and opinions of recognized experts in the field.
Fast Track articles are invited original research articles that report results that are particularly novel and important or provide a significant advancement in an emerging field. Because of the urgency and scientific importance of the work, the peer review process is accelerated. If, during the review process, it becomes apparent that the paper does not meet the Fast Track criterion, it is returned to a normal track.
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