Impact of Updated Invasive Right Ventricular and Pulmonary Hemodynamics on Long-Term Outcomes in Patients With Mitral Valve Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair.

Abstract

Right-sided cardiac catheterization (RHC) is selectively recommended in mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge (M-TEER) workup because right ventricle (RV) hemodynamic parameters predict adverse outcomes. This study examines the impact of RV hemodynamics and the prognostic value of the 2022 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) pulmonary hypertension definitions on outcomes after M-TEER. Of 152 patients treated with M-TEER for symptomatic severe mitral regurgitation (MR) between December 2014 and February 2024 at our tertiary center, 71 underwent elective RHC before the procedure. The primary outcomes assessed were all-cause mortality and a composite of heart failure hospitalization and death at the longest available follow-up. In a cohort of 152 mostly male patients (64%) with a median age of 79 years who were treated for symptomatic severe MR, 71 underwent elective RHC. The causes were categorized as degenerative (47%), functional ventricular (41%), and atrial (12%). Pulmonary hypertension (PH) was common, with 74% showing mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) >20 mm Hg and 39% with pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) >2 Wood Units. Success rates were high, with technical, device, and procedural success at 97%, 88%, and 84%, respectively. At a median follow-up of 681 days, all-cause mortality was 50%, and the composite outcome (death or heart failure hospitalizations) occurred in 61%. Key hemodynamic parameters, including mPAP, PVR, and the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/systolic pulmonary artery pressure ratio, were independently linked to mortality risk. Kaplan-Meier analysis found significant associations with mPAP >20 mm Hg and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure >15 mm Hg for long-term mortality, whereas the 2022 ESC PH thresholds showed greater sensitivity, correlating with increased mortality risk. In patients with severe MR who undergo M-TEER, most RV invasive hemodynamic parameters are linked to adverse long-term outcomes, with mPAP, PVR, and the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/systolic pulmonary artery pressure ratio identified as independent predictors of mortality. Despite the study's limited sample size, the updated ESC PH definitions enhance prognostic assessment.