Brooke A Ammerman, Anne C Knorr, Kenneth McClure, Connor O'Brien, Irene Xu
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Problematic alcohol use is a recognized risk factor for suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Individuals who misuse alcohol and those experiencing suicidal ideation (SI) often exhibit elevated impulsivity, suggesting that impulsivity may be an underlying mechanism. Impulsivity fluctuates considerably within individuals over short periods, particularly among those engaged in episodic heavy drinking, college students, and those with SI. While impulsivity is associated with suicidal thinking at a trait level, its relationship with SI on a momentary level remains relatively unexplored. This study aimed to (a) replicate cross-sectional findings linking impulsivity and SI in those with problematic alcohol use, and (b) extend these findings to examine the momentary associations between impulsivity and SI within this population.
Method: Two independent undergraduate samples were utilized: the first cross-sectional (n = 653) and the second employing ecological momentary assessment (n = 56). All participants screened for problematic alcohol or substance use.
Results: Our results show a unique association between the impulsivity facet of negative urgency and SI. Results also demonstrate an interactive effect of negative affect and "spur of the moment decisions" in predicting concurrent SI, as well as an interaction between negative affect and "saying things without thinking" in prospectively predicting SI.
Conclusions: Findings highlight the saliency of negative urgency, both at the trait and state level in the prediction of SI. Although in need of replication, results indicate that specific aspects of momentary impulsivity may be uniquely linked with SI, and that this relationship may be context dependent.
背景:有问题地饮酒是导致自杀想法和行为的一个公认的危险因素。酗酒者和有自杀倾向(SI)的人往往表现出较高的冲动性,这表明冲动性可能是一个潜在的机制。冲动性在短期内的个体波动很大,尤其是在偶发性大量饮酒者、大学生和有自杀倾向者中。虽然冲动性在特质水平上与自杀想法相关,但其在瞬间水平上与 SI 的关系相对而言仍未得到探讨。本研究的目的是:(a)在有酗酒问题的人群中复制将冲动性与自杀倾向联系起来的横断面研究结果;(b)扩展这些研究结果,研究冲动性与自杀倾向在这一人群中的瞬间联系:采用了两个独立的本科生样本:第一个是横断面样本(n = 653),第二个是采用生态学瞬间评估的样本(n = 56)。结果:我们的研究结果表明,酗酒和使用药物之间存在独特的联系:结果:我们的研究结果表明,消极紧迫感的冲动性方面与 SI 之间存在独特的联系。结果还表明,消极情绪和 "一时冲动的决定 "在预测并发性 SI 方面具有交互作用,消极情绪和 "不假思索地说出的话 "在预测前瞻性 SI 方面具有交互作用:研究结果凸显了消极紧迫感在特质和状态层面上对预测 SI 的突出作用。尽管还需要重复,但研究结果表明,瞬间冲动的特定方面可能与SI有独特的联系,而且这种关系可能与情境有关。
期刊介绍:
Founded in 1945, the Journal of Clinical Psychology is a peer-reviewed forum devoted to research, assessment, and practice. Published eight times a year, the Journal includes research studies; articles on contemporary professional issues, single case research; brief reports (including dissertations in brief); notes from the field; and news and notes. In addition to papers on psychopathology, psychodiagnostics, and the psychotherapeutic process, the journal welcomes articles focusing on psychotherapy effectiveness research, psychological assessment and treatment matching, clinical outcomes, clinical health psychology, and behavioral medicine.