Effect of individual atmospheric parameters on beam spreading of higher-order Gaussian beam

IF 3.3 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Optical and Quantum Electronics Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI:10.1007/s11082-024-07866-7

Mukesh kumar, Arpit Khandelwal, Syed Azeemuddin

{"title":"Effect of individual atmospheric parameters on beam spreading of higher-order Gaussian beam","authors":"Mukesh kumar, Arpit Khandelwal, Syed Azeemuddin","doi":"10.1007/s11082-024-07866-7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The beam spreading is essential for evaluating the higher-order Gaussian beam when it propagates through atmospheric turbulence. In this paper, we investigate the impact of individual atmospheric parameters such as jitter, turbulence, wind speed, and thermal blooming on beam spreading of Hermite Gaussian (HG), and Laguerre Gaussian (LG) beams. We also examine spot size variations due to beam quality on various HG and LG modes. It is seen that the impact of spreading caused by beam quality and turbulence is higher than that of jitter, wind speed, and thermal blooming. As the mode order increases, the effect of turbulence strength increases, leading to more spread for HG and LG beams. Spreading due to diffraction and beam quality on higher mode LG beam is higher than the HG beam in different modes. Beam spreading due to thermal blooming for the lower mode is higher compared to the higher mode for LG and HG beams. The sensitivity of higher mode LG beams to turbulence distortions is greater than HG beams as they experience more significant fractional increases in their spot size due to turbulence. The combined beam spread for the Laguerre Gaussian beam is larger than the Hermite Gaussian beam. This paper aims to understand better individual beam spreading in the atmosphere and its impact on the overall performance of higher-order laser propagation to develop optimized laser systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"56 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11082-024-07866-7","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The beam spreading is essential for evaluating the higher-order Gaussian beam when it propagates through atmospheric turbulence. In this paper, we investigate the impact of individual atmospheric parameters such as jitter, turbulence, wind speed, and thermal blooming on beam spreading of Hermite Gaussian (HG), and Laguerre Gaussian (LG) beams. We also examine spot size variations due to beam quality on various HG and LG modes. It is seen that the impact of spreading caused by beam quality and turbulence is higher than that of jitter, wind speed, and thermal blooming. As the mode order increases, the effect of turbulence strength increases, leading to more spread for HG and LG beams. Spreading due to diffraction and beam quality on higher mode LG beam is higher than the HG beam in different modes. Beam spreading due to thermal blooming for the lower mode is higher compared to the higher mode for LG and HG beams. The sensitivity of higher mode LG beams to turbulence distortions is greater than HG beams as they experience more significant fractional increases in their spot size due to turbulence. The combined beam spread for the Laguerre Gaussian beam is larger than the Hermite Gaussian beam. This paper aims to understand better individual beam spreading in the atmosphere and its impact on the overall performance of higher-order laser propagation to develop optimized laser systems.

查看原文

微信好友朋友圈 QQ好友复制链接

本刊更多论文

单个大气参数对高阶高斯光束传播的影响

当高阶高斯光束在大气湍流中传播时，光束展宽对评估高阶高斯光束至关重要。在本文中，我们研究了抖动、湍流、风速和热开花等大气参数对赫米特高斯（HG）和拉盖尔高斯（LG）光束展宽的影响。我们还研究了各种 HG 和 LG 模式光束质量引起的光斑大小变化。结果表明，光束质量和湍流造成的散射影响高于抖动、风速和热膨胀的影响。随着模式阶数的增加，湍流强度的影响也随之增加，从而导致 HG 和 LG 波束产生更大的传播。在不同模式下，高模 LG 光束因衍射和光束质量而产生的波及范围均大于 HG 光束。对于 LG 和 HG 光束来说，低模式热膨胀引起的光束扩散比高模式要大。高模式 LG 光束对湍流畸变的敏感度高于 HG 光束，因为湍流会使它们的光斑尺寸出现更显著的分数级增长。拉盖尔高斯光束的综合光束散布大于赫米特高斯光束。本文旨在更好地理解大气中的单个光束扩散及其对高阶激光传播整体性能的影响，从而开发出优化的激光系统。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文去求助

来源期刊

Optical and Quantum Electronics 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

20.00%

发文量

810

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： Optical and Quantum Electronics provides an international forum for the publication of original research papers, tutorial reviews and letters in such fields as optical physics, optical engineering and optoelectronics. Special issues are published on topics of current interest. Optical and Quantum Electronics is published monthly. It is concerned with the technology and physics of optical systems, components and devices, i.e., with topics such as: optical fibres; semiconductor lasers and LEDs; light detection and imaging devices; nanophotonics; photonic integration and optoelectronic integrated circuits; silicon photonics; displays; optical communications from devices to systems; materials for photonics (e.g. semiconductors, glasses, graphene); the physics and simulation of optical devices and systems; nanotechnologies in photonics (including engineered nano-structures such as photonic crystals, sub-wavelength photonic structures, metamaterials, and plasmonics); advanced quantum and optoelectronic applications (e.g. quantum computing, memory and communications, quantum sensing and quantum dots); photonic sensors and bio-sensors; Terahertz phenomena; non-linear optics and ultrafast phenomena; green photonics.