SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in Indoor House Cats From the Lisbon Area During the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2019–2021

IF 3.5 2区农林科学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Transboundary and Emerging Diseases Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI:10.1155/tbed/1543922

Isa Moutinho, Mafalda Henriques, Sara Cardoso, Teresa da Penha Coutinho, Carlos Penha-Gonçalves, Jocelyne Demengeot, Miguel Castanho, Luís Tavares, Solange Gil, Telmo Nunes, Frederico Aires-da-Silva

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Abstract

The susceptibility of various animal species to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been studied extensively. Cats have garnered significant concern due to their high susceptibility and proximity to humans. This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility and antibody response in house cats exposed to SARS-CoV-2 when human infection was spreading in the Lisbon area during the 2019–2021 period. A total of 733 serum samples were collected and characterized from cats admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Lisbon (HEV-FMV-ULisboa). All samples were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-SARS-CoV-2 whole Spike and receptor-binding domain (RBD) proteins from the Wuhan-Hu-1 isolate and 14.7% (108/733) tested positive, suggesting exposure to the human virus. Surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) against the Wuhan-Hu-1 isolate showed that 20.4% of ELISA positive samples (22/108) harbored neutralizing antibodies against the virus. The 22 most promising serum samples were retested using ELISA and sVNT against Alpha, Delta, and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants. Notably, these samples exhibited antibodies that were capable of recognizing and neutralizing these variants. Subsequent neutralization assays confirmed that the serum samples effectively inhibited the infection process of Wuhan-Hu-1 D614G, Delta, and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped viruses. Our findings indicate that cats were exposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection during the pandemic period and generated highly effective and broadly neutralizing antibodies against the virus. Although cats have not been demonstrated to significantly contribute to the spread of SARS-CoV-2, their high susceptibility to asymptomatic infection underscores the importance of investment in preventive surveillance measures. In summary, our study reinforces the notion that cats naturally infected with SARS-CoV-2 represent a valuable anthroponotic disease model in house settings and might be a potential source for the development of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in tackling future outbreaks with a One Heath perspective.

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2019-2021 年 COVID-19 大流行期间里斯本地区室内家猫的 SARS-CoV-2 血清流行率

关于各种动物对严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）感染的易感性，已经进行了广泛的研究。由于猫的高易感性和与人类的接近性，它们引起了人们的极大关注。本研究旨在评估 2019-2021 年期间，当人类感染在里斯本地区蔓延时，暴露于 SARS-CoV-2 的家猫的易感性和抗体反应。研究人员从里斯本大学兽医系兽医教学医院（HEV-FMV-ULisboa）收治的猫中共采集了 733 份血清样本，并对其进行了特征描述。用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）对所有样本进行了抗 SARS-CoV-2 全穗状病毒的免疫球蛋白 M (IgM) 和免疫球蛋白 G (IgG) 以及武汉-胡-1 分离株的受体结合域 (RBD) 蛋白检测，14.7%（108/733）的检测结果呈阳性，表明接触过人类病毒。针对武汉-湖北-1 病毒分离株的替代病毒中和试验（sVNT）显示，20.4% 的 ELISA 阳性样本（22/108）含有针对该病毒的中和抗体。用 ELISA 和 sVNT 对 22 个最有希望的血清样本进行了重新检测，检测对象为 SARS-CoV-2 的 Alpha、Delta 和 Omicron 变种。值得注意的是，这些样本中的抗体能够识别并中和这些变体。随后的中和试验证实，血清样本能有效抑制武汉-胡-1 D614G、Delta 和 Omicron SARS-CoV-2 伪型病毒的感染过程。我们的研究结果表明，在 SARS-CoV-2 大流行期间，猫受到了 SARS-CoV-2 的感染，并产生了针对该病毒的高效、广泛的中和抗体。虽然没有证据表明猫对 SARS-CoV-2 的传播起了重要作用，但它们对无症状感染的高度易感性强调了投资预防性监测措施的重要性。总之，我们的研究强化了这样一种观点，即自然感染了 SARS-CoV-2 的猫是一种宝贵的家庭环境中的人类疾病模型，并且可能成为开发 SARS-CoV-2 抗体的潜在来源，从而以 "一个健康 "的视角应对未来的疫情爆发。

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来源期刊

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 农林科学-传染病学

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

9.30%

发文量

350

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Transboundary and Emerging Diseases brings together in one place the latest research on infectious diseases considered to hold the greatest economic threat to animals and humans worldwide. The journal provides a venue for global research on their diagnosis, prevention and management, and for papers on public health, pathogenesis, epidemiology, statistical modeling, diagnostics, biosecurity issues, genomics, vaccine development and rapid communication of new outbreaks. Papers should include timely research approaches using state-of-the-art technologies. The editors encourage papers adopting a science-based approach on socio-economic and environmental factors influencing the management of the bio-security threat posed by these diseases, including risk analysis and disease spread modeling. Preference will be given to communications focusing on novel science-based approaches to controlling transboundary and emerging diseases. The following topics are generally considered out-of-scope, but decisions are made on a case-by-case basis (for example, studies on cryptic wildlife populations, and those on potential species extinctions): Pathogen discovery: a common pathogen newly recognised in a specific country, or a new pathogen or genetic sequence for which there is little context about — or insights regarding — its emergence or spread. Prevalence estimation surveys and risk factor studies based on survey (rather than longitudinal) methodology, except when such studies are unique. Surveys of knowledge, attitudes and practices are within scope. Diagnostic test development if not accompanied by robust sensitivity and specificity estimation from field studies. Studies focused only on laboratory methods in which relevance to disease emergence and spread is not obvious or can not be inferred (“pure research” type studies). Narrative literature reviews which do not generate new knowledge. Systematic and scoping reviews, and meta-analyses are within scope.